الفهرس 
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Abstract
All people with diabetes mellitus are at risk of developing ocular
complication those with type I diabetes (Juvenile onset) and those with
type II diabetes (adult onset). The longer a person has diabetes, the higher
the risk of developing some ocular problems. Diabetic retinopathy is one
of the main causes of decreased eyesight and blindness in patients with
diabetes mellitus.
The current study aimed to:
Investigate the association between plasma levels of PAI-1 enzyme, with
diabetic retinopathy among Egyptian patients.
Subjects and methods:
from February 2011 to March 2012 Patients included in this study were
recruited from those T2DM out-patients clinic attending to Fayoum
University Teaching Hospital. The study was conducted on 70 subjects
(40 females and 30 males).
Group (1): 20 control normal healthy individuals.
Group (2): 20 patients with type 2 diabetes who showed no signs of DR
(diabetic without retinopathy group).
Group (3): 30 patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR group). The
diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy or its absence was confirmed by fundus
examination and fluoresceine angiography (FA) in all patients. All patients and control groups were subjected to the following:
• Full history taking (age of onset of diabetes, duration, medication and
complication) and clinical examination for patients.
• Measurement of body weight in kilograms
• Measurement of height in meters
• Calculation of body mass index (BM I) from the equation
Weight (kg)/ height (m) 2 .
Laboratory investigations included:
PAI-1 activity by ELISA.
Glycemic state by HbA1c.
Cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and calculated LDLcholesterol. RESULTS
Regarding HbA1c, there was a very highly statistically
significance difference (p <0.001) on comparing the three group with
higher mean values in DR group (9.0 ± 0.3) than both DWR group (7.5 ±
0.8) and control group (4.9 ± 0.2). Regarding PAI-1 there was a statistical
significance (p<0.05) on diabetic patients with retinopathy than without
retinopathy.
No statistical significance was found between the three groups as
regards the LDL-cholesterol (p>0.05).
No statistical significance was found between the three groups as
regards the HDL-cholesterol (p>0.05). As regards total cholesterol, the mean value was higher in the DR
group than other groups. There was a significant difference with P value
<0.05 in both DR and DWR group figure
Triglycerides, the mean value was higher in the DR group than
control group with p value >0.05, however significant difference was
found when control group compared to diabetic patients without
retinopathy group with p value < 0.05, also when control compared and
diabetic with retinopathy with p value < 0.001.
There was correlation between PAI-1 and Triglycerides and
between PAI-1 and Cholesterol.