الفهرس 
AnatomyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Central venous catheterization is often performed for fluid infusion in patients with poor peripheral access, hemodynamic monitoring administrate only meant to be given via a central line and infusion of irritable or hypertonic solutions andfor hemodialysis.7 Advantages of the supraclavicular approach over the infraclavicular technique include a well-defined insertion landmark (the clavisternomastoid angle); a shorter distance from skin to vein; a larger target area; a straighter path to the superior vena cava; less proximity to the lung; and fewer complications of pleural or arterial puncture.130 Using the ultrasound method found to have a higher success rate and a decreased incidence of mechanical complications as compared with the landmark one.127 Aim of this study was to compare the infraclavicular approach and supraclavicular approach for subclavian vein catheterization with and without ultrasound guided during anesthesia in major surgeries. To fulfill this aim, this study had been carried out on 100 adult patients presented for major surgery in Tanta University Hospitals. Subclavian catheterization had been introduced after induction of anesthesia. Patients had been classified into 4 equal groups each of 25 patients. Group I: patients of this group had been centrally catheterized anatomical guided using infraclavicular approach for subclavian vein. Group II: patients of this group had been centrally catheterized US guided using infraclavicular approach for subclavian vein. Group III: patients of this group had been centrally catheterized anatomical guided using supraclavicular approach for subclavian vein. Group IV: patients of this group had been centrally catheterized US guided using supraclavicular approach for subclavian vein.