الفهرس 
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Abstract
A new type of self-etch adhesive and composite resin restorative material was recently introduced into the dental material characterized by lower polymerization shrinkage than other types of composite resin which represent a great breakthrough to clinicians. Consequently, the pesent in vitro study was aimed to compare:
First,microleakage values of standardized class V cavities in posterior teeth restored with SiloraneSelf-etch Adhesive and Composite with and without surface pre-treatment with 37% phosphoric acid.
Second,change in calcium content among steps of composite application with and without surface pre-treatment with 37% phosphoric acid.
A) Microleakage test
A total of thirty non-carious extracted sound permanent posterior-teeth were used for the microleakage test, divided into two groups of fifteen teeth each according to surface pre-treated.
group 1:SiloraneAdhesive was applied without surface pre-treatment.
group 2:SiloraneAdhesive was applied with surface pre-treatment.
Cavities were prepared on buccal surface of the specimens. Following thermo cycling, teeth were immersed in basic fuchsine dye for 24 hours. After immersion, the specimens were then sectioned bucco-lingual through the center of the restoration. Only one tooth half obtained was evaluated using microscope and scored from 0- to 4 according to the extent of dye penetration.
Scoring system used
Table (14): Scoring system of microleakage in relation with dye penetration.
Microleakage Dye penetration
0 No dye penetration
1 Dye is only along enamel and does not pass the dentino-enamel junction.
2 Leakage of the dye beyond dentino-enamel junction but not reaching the pulpal wall.
3 Penetration of the dye to the pulpal wall.
4 Penetration of the dye to occluso-pulpal angel.
A) Change in mineral content
A total of thirty non-carious extracted sound permanent posterior-teeth were been chosen with the same criteria used for the selection of the teeth for microleakage test, and divided into:
group 1:SiloraneAdhesive was applied 37% phosphoric acid surface pre-treatment.
group 2:SiloraneAdhesive was applied with surface pre-treatment.
Samples are to be evaluated using JEOL JSE-7600F FEG-SEM for change in calcium content percentage.
The data obtained from the microleakage and change in mineral content were recorded and statistically analyzed.