الفهرس 
Introduction and Aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Carcinoma of the breast is the most prevalent cancer among
Egyptian women and constitutes 29% of National Cancer Institute
cases, median age at diagnosis is one decade younger than in countries
of Europe and North America and most patients are premenopausal;
tumors are relatively advanced at presentation (Siegel, et al., 2012).
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer related mortality in
women worldwide, almost half of annually diagnosed women with
breast cancer belong to developing countries .These women also have
poor overall outcomes compared to women in developed countries.
The advanced stage of presentation of breast cancer in developing
countries was attributed to a lack of mass education and screening
programs, poverty, poor access to health care facilities, lack of
expertise, and poor country infrastructure (Kumar, et al.,2011).
Our results were similar to other studies from developing
countries. The majority of tumors are invasive duct carcinoma. This
over view examines prognostic markers and end results of surgery,
radiotherapy and systemic therapy for early, locally advanced and
metastatic disease stages we described the epidemiological profile of
breast cancer in the clinical oncology department Menofia University.
The purpose of the present study was to report the pathological
features and clinical outcome of all breast cancer cases diagnosed in 5
years from January 2000 till December 2004.
Total number of cancer patients represented to our clinical
oncology department in 5 years was 3494 and number of breast cancer
Summary & Conclusions
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patients was 1048 patients; so cancer breast constitute about 30% of
cancer patients presented to our department.
In this study we excluded 76 patients who were diagnosed with
breast cancer and not completed their treatment and follow up at our
clinical oncology department so; our thesis include 972 patients who
diagnosis, treated and were followed up till the end of December
2010.
It was found that the mean age was 48.55 years (range 23-
86).Female patients represent (99%) and male patients (1%). (52.3%)
were premenapusal and (46.7%) were postmenapusal. Invasive ductal
carcinoma was the most common (94.2%). Stage III was the most
frequent (46.7%) followed by stage II (39.5%).MRM was the
comments type of surgery (91.4%).
In early breast cancer the median overall survival was 65
months and median DFS was 55 months .There was statistically
significant correlation between overall survival and nodal status,
HER-2 status, type of surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, postoperative
radiotherapy, hormonal treatment and site of relapse in univarte and
in multivariate analysis.
In stage III median overall survival was 42 months and median
DFS was26 months.
In stage IV median overall survival was 17 months and median
progression free survival is 10 months.
Markers of poor prognosis for survival were increasing number
of positive lymph nodes, stage of disease, and HER-2 status and
variable treatment profiles. Clinical outcomes and survival associated
for each prognostic marker were inferior when compared to developed
Summary & Conclusions
139
countries due to low level of awareness, lack of screening programs,
and subsequent late access to treatment due to financial problems and
interruption of administration of treatment.
from this audit we need to improve population based screening
programs, outreach mammography, improvements in technical
expertise and quality of care, standardized treatment regimens in our
country which has limited resources.