الفهرس 
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Abstract
Leishmaniasis is caused by members of genus leishmania, originally parasites of rodents in which they cause amild cutaneous disease. They are transmitted by sand flies and have become adapted to canines
and man Bryceson 1970. In general, there are three main clinical types of disease:
1- Cutaneous leishmaniasis in which the primary lesion and the infection are limited to the skin. It is caused by U. tropica.
2— Espundia or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, affecting the skin and mucocutaneous junctions caused by L.brazilliensis.
3— Kala—azar or visceral leishmaniasis in which the infection spreads throughout the reticuloendothelial system of the body. It is caused by L. donovani the clinical outcome of infection with lesihmania depends not only on the nature and the potential of the infecting oganism but also on the form and extent of the host’s immunological response.
Toxoplasma gondii is pathogenic for many animals and in some produces a severe necrotizing disease. Ordinarily it is a relatively benign parasite, that has an almost perfect host parasite relationship producing a latent infection that rarely causes serious damage. congenital toxoplasmosis is of great importance since it can affect the foetus either through repeated abortions or after birth with serious complications Desmonts (1966).