الفهرس 
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Abstract
A total of 200 random samples (250g) of retailed meat represented by cattle and sheep meat (100 of each) (50 from each fore quarter and hind quarter) were collected from different butcher’s shops at Beheria province, for microbiological examination.
The result reveals that:
1. Total aerobic bacterial counts:
Statistical analytical results of the total aerobic bacterial counts from fore and hind quarters meat samples of cattle carcasses were ranged from 1.9×104to 1.5×107 cfu/g and 1.2×105to 4.1×107 cfu/g respectively. With the means values were 1.4×106±3.3×105 cfu/g and 9.6×106±1.6×105 cfu/g respectively. Also there is no significant difference between the mean values of total aerobic bacterial count in fore and hind quarter meat samples of cattle carcasses.
The total bacterial counts of sheep carcasses fore and hind quarters meat were ranged from 2×105to 3.6×107 cfu/g and 5.4×104to 5.5×107cfu/g respectively, with the means values 6.5×106±1.4×106 cfu/g and 5.8×106±1.4×106 cfu/g respectively. Also there is no significant difference between the mean values of total bacterial count in fore and hind quarters meat of sheep carcasses.
The results of mean value of total bacterial counts showed significant difference between cattle and sheep carcasses.
2. The total Psychrotrophic count:
The total Psychrotrophic count from fore and hind quarters meat samples of cattle carcasses were ranged from 1.2×104 to 6.1×106 cfu/g and 1.1×105to 5.9×106 cfu/g respectively. With means values were 6.5×105±1.6×105 cfu/g and 1.2×106±2.2×105 cfu/g respectively. Also there is no significant difference between the mean values of total Psychrotrophic count in fore and hind quarters meat samples of cattle carcasses.
The total Psychrotrophic counts of fore and hind quarters meat of sheep carcasses were ranged from 6.6×104 to 1.5×107 cfu/g and 1.2×105to 4.6×107 cfu/g respectively. With means values 3.2×106±5.5×105cfu/g and 4.6×106 ±1.1×106 cfu/g respectively. Also there is no significant difference between the mean values of total psychrotrophic count in fore and hind quarters meat of sheep carcasses.
The results of mean value of total Psychrotrophic counts showed significant difference between cattle and sheep carcasses.
3. Total Enterobacteriaceae counts:
Statistical analytical results of total Enterobacteriaceae counts fore and hind quarters meat samples of cattle carcasses were ranged from 6.1×103 to 1.6×106cfu/g and 2.7×104 to 6.5×106 cfu/g respectively. With the means values were 8.5×104±3.8×104cfu/g and 2.1×106±9.3×105 cfu/g respectively. Also there is high significant(p<0.05) difference between the mean values of Enterobacteriaceae count in fore and hind quarters meat samples of cattle carcasses due to contamination during dressing processes and also by feacal matter.
Enterobacteriaceae counts of fore and hind quarters meat of sheep carcasses were ranged from 1.8×103 to 3.6×106 cfu/g and 6.0×102 to 1.3×106 cfu/g respectively, with the means values were 6.2×105±1.3×105 cfu/g and 1.1×105±4.0×104 cfu/g respectively. Also there is highly significant difference(p<0.001) between the mean values of Enterobacteriaceae count in fore and hind quarters meat of sheep carcasses due to the presence of fleeces and carrying fecal matter which act as a high source of Enterobacteriaceae to carcasses.
The results of mean value of Enterobacteriaceae counts showed no significant difference between cattle and sheep carcasses.
4. Total Coliform counts:
Statistical analytical results of total Coliform counts of fore and hind quarters meat samples of cattle carcasses were ranged from 1.1×103 to 4.8×105 cfu/g and 1.4×103to 3.6×105 cfu/g respectively. With the means values were 5.8×104±1.4×104cfu/g and 1.9×104±1.3×104cfu/g respectively. Also there is high significant difference (p<0.001) between the means values of Coliform count in fore and hind quarters meat samples of cattle carcasses due to contamination by feacal matter and rumen content.
Coliform count of fore and hind quarter meats of sheep carcasses were ranged from 1.0×103 to 4.6×105cfu/g and 3.2×102 to 3.6×105 cfu/g respectively. With the means values were 1.0×105± 1.3×105 cfu/g and 5.9×104±1.3×105 cfu/g respectively. Also there is no significant difference between the mean values of Coliform count in fore and hind limb of sheep carcasses.
The results of mean value of Coliform count showed significant difference between cattle and sheep carcasses.
Summarized results presented that Escherichia coli (non faecal type, inactive and true faecal type) could be isolated from fore and hind quarters meat samples of cattle carcasses were 43% and51% respectively. Followed by Klebsilla-oxytoca as 9% and 11% respectively. Citrobacter-diversus as 12% and 11% respectively. Citrobacter-frundi as 14% and 13% respectively. Klebsiella-pneumonia as 14% and 4% respectively, and Enterobacter aerogense as 7% and 9% respectively.
from the summarized results presented Escherichia coli (non faecal type, inactive and true faecal type) could be isolated fore and hind quarter’s meat of sheep carcasses were 44% and49% respectively, Followed by Citrobacter-diversus as 12% and 11% respectively. Citrobacter-frundi as 11% and 15% respectively. Klebsiella-pneumonia as 15% and8% respectively. Klebsilla-oxytoca as 9% and 6% respectively. And Enterobacter aerogense as 7% and 11% respectively.
5. Total Staphylococcus aureus counts:
Total Staphylococcus aureus counts of fore and hind quarter meat samples of cattle carcasses were ranged from 1.2×103 to 1.5×106cfu/g and 4.1×103 to 3.6×106 cfu/g respectively. With the means values were 5.9×104±3.5×104 cfu/g and 1.6×105±7.6×104 cfu/g respectively. Also there is no significant difference between the mean values of staphylococcal aureus count
Staphylococcus aureus counts of fore and hind quarters meat of sheep carcasses were ranged from 1.8×103 to 4.6×106 cfu/g and 1.4×103 to 2.1×106 cfu/g respectively. With the means values were 2.2×105± 1.0×105cfu/g and 3.89×105±1.1×105 cfu/g respectively. Also there is no significant difference between the mean values of staphylococcal aureus count in fore and hind limb of sheep carcasses.
The incidence of coagulase positive staphylococci were 86% and 96% of fore and hind quarters meat samples of cattle carcasses and With equal incidence (92%) of each of fore and hind quarters meat samples of cattle carcasses. respectively.The results of mean value of Staphylococcus aureus counts showed significant difference between cattle and sheep carcasses.
6. Detection of Salmonella:
In this study Salmonella spp could not be isolated from fore and hind quarters meat samples of cattle and sheep carcasses.
7. Total Mould count:
Statistical analytical results of total Mould count of fore and hind quarters meat samples of cattle carcasses were ranged from2.4×103to 6.5×104 cfu/g and 7.0×102 to 3.6×105 cfu/g respectively. With the means values were 8.6×103±1.4×103 cfu/g and 2.8×105±1.9×104 cfu/g respectively. Also there was very highly significant difference (p<0.0001) between the mean values of the total mould count of fore and hind quarter meat samples of cattle carcasses.
Mould count from fore and hind quarter’s meat samples of sheep carcasses were ranged from4.0×102to 4.6×105 cfu/g and 5.0×102 to 2.1×106 cfu/g respectively. With the means values were 6.1×104± 1.5×104 cfu/g and 1.6×105±6.0×104 cfu/g respectively. Also there is no significant difference between the means values of mould count in from fore and hind quarters meat samples of sheep carcasses.
The results of mean value of Mould count showed no significant difference between cattle and sheep carcasses.
8. Total Yeast count:
Statistical analytical results of total Yeast count of fore and hind quarter meat samples of cattle carcasses were ranged from 1.4×102 to 2.4×105 cfu/g and 6.0×102 to 9.8×104 cfu/g respectively. With the means values were 2.2×104±5.8×103 cfu/g and 1.8×104±3.0×103 cfu/g respectively. Also there is no significant difference between the mean values of staphylococcal aureus count quarters meat samples of cattle carcasses.
Yeast counts from fore and hind quarter meat samples of sheep carcasses were ranged from 3.0×102to 2.5×105 cfu/g and 1.0×102 to 4.5×104 cfu/g respectively. With the means values were 4.1×104± 9.1×103 cfu/g and 1.2×104±1.9×103 cfu/g respectively. Also there is significant difference (p<0.001)between the mean values of yeast count in from fore and hind quarters meat samples of sheep carcasses due to absence of Hygienic measure during handling of meat slaughter processing .
The results of mean value of Yeast counts showed no significant difference between cattle and sheep carcasses.
The significance and microbial counts index also the public health hazard of the obtained results was discussed and the measures to obtain a good quality were discussed.