الفهرس 
BIOTECHNOLOGY: PRESENT AND FUTUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies are one of the most important products of biotechnology and
laboratories and companies all over the world are pursuing their large-scale
production. However getting higher yields of monoclonal antibody (MAb) is a
problem in Hybridoma Technology, which has two major bottlenecks:
• Poor yield of hybridized cells
• Low cellular productivity of MAb in culture.
The behavior of hybridoma in culture is influenced by sophisticated cellular metabolic
activities and various interactive environmental factors and that the understanding and
modeling of the way hybridoma grow in the bioreactor should enable optimization of
bioreactor operating conditions to achieve maximum monoclonal antibody formation
However, due to the lack of the incomplete knowledge of hybridoma cultivation
process, there exist many limitations and challenges to the advent of applications of
process control and optimization in this field. There are three ways of obtaining high
MAb yield in vitro:
• Large scale culture
• High density culture
• Enhancing individual cellular productivity in culture
Currently, the focus is on the correct synergistic combination of fortified nutrient
media, bioreactor design and mode of operation. Maximization of cell culture
longevity, maintenance of high specific antibody secretion rates, nutrient
supplementation, waste product minimization and control of environmental conditions
are important parameters for improvement of large scale production of MAb.
However, the production of small quantities of monoclonal antibodies and
recombinant proteins was carried out using a new low cost production system, the
Super Spinner.
The hybridoma technique allows monoclonal antibodies of a single specificity to be
obtained in virtually unlimited amounts. In principle, monoclonal antibodies can be
made against any cell macromolecule and so can be used to locate and purify the
molecule and, in some cases, to analyze its function. These MAb’s can be of
therapeutic or diagnostic values either in the medical fields (e.g. diagnostic of viruses,
malignances, laboratory titration of antigens, detection of fibrosis, cirrhosis,
metastasis of tumors infectious diseases and as magic bullet etc.). Or in environmental
fields where, the production of MAb’s can be directed to detect tracers of antigens
present in environmental e.g. pesticides pollution to water, vegetables, fruits or
animals blood and tissues. Another application is to detect air pollution e.g. air
filtrated on reference nitro-cellulose filters can be titrated using MAb’s and detects the
dose of air pollution. This technology can be applied also to identify any
environmental insult from other sources whatever industrial non intended or intended
induced.
Herein we report an efficient and economical protocol for hybridoma cell cultivation
to produce monoclonal antibodies in tissue culture flasks; small glass cylinders (super
spinner) and bioreactor. This leads to the production and purification--in order of
grams--of one MAb intended for human therapeutic use or as diagnostic tools.
This protocol proved to be simple, reproducible and cost effective by using of serumfree
medium culture and amino acids optimization for the production of MAb.