الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 135 |  |  |
| | | from | 135 | | |
Abstract
The present study was conducted on 308 anoestrus buffalo-cows and 12 normal cycling ones at some localities in Damanhour center, Beheira governorate during both 1998 and 1999, to study the environmental causes of anaestrum in buffaloes.
The average temperature, humidity and day length during different seasons were recorded and revealed that, the highest reading of maximum temperature and highest humidity was observed during summer and autumn , followed by that observed during winter and spring of both 1998 and 1999 . Moreover, the longest day length was recorded during summer only , followed by that detected during autumn and spring . The shortest day length was observed during winter.
After gynaecological examination of all animals 3 times with 7 days interval to follow-up the continuation of anaestrum, a fecal samples were collected from all animals to detect the nematodes and liver flukes ova.
Animals grouping :
A) Anestrous buffalo cows had smooth inactive ovaries :-
Animals were thorough classified according to the treatment protocol into the following groups :-
Group I- consisted of 46 buffalo cows affected with SIO without evidence of internal parasitic infestation . They received a single injection of 20 pLg buserline. Those case within this group showed no response following the first injection were injected with a second dose of buserline - 12 days after the first injection .
Group II- Consisted of 45 buffalo cows exhibited SIO and showed the presence of internal parasitic infestations. They were injected
subcutanously with Ivomec Super 2 m1/100Kg B.W. together with intra muscular injection of 20 ptg buserline (5 ml Receptal).
Group III- Consisted of 86 cases exhibited the presence of SIO without evidence of internal parasitic infestation . They were injected twice with 25 ml tonophosphan 20 % at one week interval.
Group IV- Consisted of 106 buffalo cows exhibited SIO together with internal parasitic infestation. They were treated with Ivermectine together with twice injection of 25m1 tonophosphan 20 % at one week interval .
B)Anestrous buffalo cows had PCL .
This group was consisted of 25 females exhibited the presence of PCL, but were free from internal parasitic infestation . They were treated with 25 mg PGF 2 a (5m1Lutalyse).
C)Normal cycling buffalo cows used as control group :
This group consisted 12 females exhibited normal estrous cycle with normal clinical finding . They were free from any parasitic infestation. They were received no treatment
Blood sampling :-
Blood samples (20m1) were collected from only 12 buffalo cows , representing different seasons of the year in each group under investigation . They were collected immediately before treatment at the 5`h 10`x’ days after treatment and during the 1st observed heat in animals had SIO ; immediately before treatment and during th observed heat after treatment in buffalo cows had PCL and during follicular and luteal phases in normal cycling animals .
For separation of serum , all the collected blood samples were centrifuged at 3000 r.p.m for 10 minutes . All serum samples were kept frozen at — 20 °c untill Analysed.
from the statically analysis of the obtained results, it has been
observed that:
(1) The total percentage of frequency distribution of SIO was recorded to be 12.18% in winter, 10.08% in spring, 7.14% in summer and 10.22% in autumn with an overall of 39.64%. While, the total percentage of frequency distribution of PCL was found to be 1.12% in winter, 0.98% in spring, 0.56% in summer and 0.84% in autumn with an overall of 3.50% during all the period from the beginning of 1998 up to the end of 1999.
(2)The highest percentage of buffaloes came in heat and the shortest time elapsed till appearance of the first heat were observed in the second group that received receptal and ivomec super and that received receptal only, followed by that treated with ivomec super beside tonophosphan treatment. The lowest percentages were observed during summer in anoestrus buffaloes with ovarian
inactivity.
(3)The higher first service conception rate were observed during winter (58.92%) followed by that obtained during spring (48.83%) and autumn (45.45%). The lowest percentage was recorded during summer (44.0%) in the anoestrus buffaloes with ovarian inactivity
(4)Regarding the anoestrus buffaloe’s with P.C.L. that treated by lutalyse. There was no significant difference between different groups for the first service conception rates, total conception rates and the time elapsed till appearance of the first observed heat, except that observed during summer was the lowest ones.
Chemical analysis of blood samples:
I. Anoestrus buffaloes had ovarian inactivity;
The chemical analysis of the blood constituents in anoestrus buffaloes with ovarian inactivity revealed that:
(1)The total cholesterol level was significantly decreased after treatment
in the groups I, II, III, and IV as compared with that before treatment.
(2)The total proteins levels was non significantly decreased after
treatment in the groups II, III, IV as compared with that before treatment .
(3)Albumin level was non significantly increased after treatment in group I, The significant increase after treatment was observed in groups II, III and IV, as compared with that before treatment .
(4)Globulins level appeared non significant decrease in group I after treatment. A significant decrease in globulins level was observed in group II, while there was significant increase in group III and IV as compared with that before Treatment .
(5)Calcium level was significantly increased after treatment in all groups as compared with that before treatment.
(6)Inorganic phosphorus level, was observed to be significantly
increased after treatment in all groups as compared with that before treatment.
(7)Magnesium level was non significant increased after treatment in group I, II and IV . The magnesium level was non significant
decrease in group III after treatment as compared with that before treatment.
(8)Copper level was observed to be significant increased in all groups after treatment.
(9)Zinc level was significant decreased after treatment in group I , and significant increased in group II , III and IV as compared with that before treatment .
(10)Iron level was significantly increased after treatment in group I , II and III . It was non significant increase in group IV as compared with that before treatment.
(I 1) Manganese level appeared non significant increase in group I and II after treatment. While it was significant increased in group III and IV after treatment as compared with that before treatment.
II. Regarding the blood chemical analysis in anoestrus buffaloes with persistent corpus luteum treated with lutalyse, it has been observed that:
(1)Total proteins level was observed to be significantly decreased after treatment with lutalyse than that before treatment.
(2)Total cholesterol level was significant decreased after treatment with lutalyse than that before treatment.
(3)Albumin level was non significant decreased after treatment by lutalyse as compared with that before treatment.
(4)Globulins level was significant decreased after treatment by lutalyse as compared with that before treatment.
(5)Calcium level was significant decreased after treatment by lutalyse as compared with that before treatment.
(6)Inorganic phosphorus was significant increase after treatment with lutalyse as compared with that before treatment.
(7)Magnesium level was non significant increased after treatment by lutalyse as compared with that before treatment.