الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 156 |  |  |
| | | from | 156 | | |
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the possible protective effect of some natural antioxidants ( ethanolic extracts of ziziphus and olive leaves) against γ-radiation. Which produce changes in certain biochemical and Hematological parameters.
To achieve this aim the following procedures were followed:
1- Determination of total extract and total phenolic compound of the ethanolic extracts of of ziziphus and olive leaves.
2- Identification of some active ingredients in the ethanolic extracts of ziziphus and olive leaves using GC-MS.
3- Experiments were done using 105 male albino rats weighting 120 - 150g. All rats were fed on normal diet for two weeks, then rats were divided randomly into 7 groups each group composed of 15 rats.
Blood samples were collected from rats after 1, 7, 14 days. Blood samples were divided into two parts. The first part was used for studying the hematological parameters. The second part was used for the determination of biochemical parameters. All these studies were done for all groups.
The obtained results indicated that:
The ethanolic extracts of ziziphus and olive leaves represents as 13.24%, 13.60% respectively of the weight of dry leaves and the total phenolic content was 0.33%, 0.66% respectively. Results showed that ethanolic extracts of ziziphus and olive leaves contains some important phenolic compounds include (Catechin, Chlorogenic, Zizyphine F, Luteolin and Succinylsulfathiazol), (Caffeic acid, Quercetin, Rutin, Diosmetine, Luteolin-7-glucoside and Oleuropein) respectively. All these compounds are effective as antioxidant
Summary 110
1-Effect of different treatment on Liver function (ALT, AST, ALP) in rats:
γ-Irradiaton caused a significant increase in ALT, AST and ALP and reached its maximum amounts at 6 Gy. Administration of ethanolic extracts of ziziphus and olive leaves to normal rats exhibited a significant decrease in ALT, AST, ALP after 1, 7 and 14 days as compared with control negative group.
2- Effect on Total protein and albumin:
A depressive effect of radiation was noticed on all levels of total protein, and albumin. Ethanolic extracts of olive and ziziphus leaves enhanced the accumulation of protein fraction.
3- Effect of different treatment on kidney function:
γ-irradiation caused a significant increase in urea and creatinine after 2 weeks as compared with other groups. Administration of ethanolic extracts of olive and ziziphus leaves to normal rats exhibited a significant decrease in urea and creatinine after 2 weeks as compared with control negative group.
4- Effect of different treatment on antioxidant markers:
γ-irradiation caused a significant increase in serum Malondialdehyde after 2 week as compared with other groups while, a significant decreased Plasma Reduced Glutathione. Administration of ethanolic extracts of olive and ziziphus leaves to normal rats exhibited a significant decrease serum Malondialdehyde after 2 weeks as compared with control negative group while, a significant increase in Plasma Reduced Glutathione.
5- Effect of different treatment on some hematological parameters:
The results of hematological examination indicated that a depression in total RBCs, including hemoglobin content of the blood in comparison with control group. While, giving ethanolic extracts of olive and ziziphus leaves to rats have improved in hematological parameters of blood such as RBCs, Hb, MCV, HCT, WBCs and PLT.
Summary 111
6- Effect of different treatments on Iron and Copper metabolism:
The data showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in total iron level, transferrin content and Iron Ions (Fe+) in rats irradiated with 4 and 6 Gy and this increase was more pronounced after 1 day as compared with control rats. On the other hand, the treatment with both olive and ziziphus leaves extract modulated the total iron level gradually till 2 weeks after irradiation.
The level of TIBC and ferritin decreased significantly (p<0.05) in rats irradiated with 4 (108.28±1.49), (1.05 ± 0.49) and 6 Gy (120.30 ± 0.30), (0.63 ± 0.07) respectively, especially after 2 weeks as compared with corresponding control (169.00 ± 0.55) and (2.75 ± 0.20). The pre-irradiated injected rats with both olive and zizphus leaves extract demonstrated a significant increase (p<0.05) at 1 and 2 weeks post-irradiation as compared with corresponding irradiated rats and this modulation was appeared more in rats received ziziphus extract pre-irradiation with 4 Gy at 2 weeks to approximate the control value.
As a function of irradiation, the increase in Copper Ions (Cu+) and ceruloplasmin concentrations increased with irradiation dose increase to reach a maximum value after 2 weeks in rats received 6 Gy. Pretreatment with plants extract tended to alleviate irradiation damage effect and significantly (p<0.05) decrease the concentration of Cu+ and ceruloplasmin (1.11 ± 0.18), (1.1 ± 0.06) and (12.05 ± 1.3), (9.93 ± 0.41) respectively to approach the control level (0.77 ± 0.09) and (5.57 ± 0.30) in rats irradiated with 4 Gy.
7- Effect of different treatments on body weight:
γ-irradiation caused a highly significant decrease in body weight after 2 weeks as compared with control group. Administration of ethanolic extracts of olive and ziziphus leaves to normal rats exhibited a decrease in body weight after 2 weeks as compared with control group.