الفهرس 
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Abstract
Egypt relies heavily upon the Nile River, which forms more than 95% of the
national water budget. The Nile and its tributaries (White Nile, Blue Nile)
flow through Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, D.RCongo, Kenya,
Ethiopia, Eritrea, South Sudan, North Sudan and Egypt .Nile River floods
ranges from 42 to 150 billion cubic meters per year. The High Aswan Dam
Reservoir (HADR) is one of the largest artificial lakes in the world; the total
storage capacity of it is about 162 billion cubic meters at the maximum water
level (182.00 m) MSL. The area of the HADR is about 6500 km2at the
maximum water level (182.00 m) MSL with average width 13 km and total
length 500 km (about 335 km within the Egyptian borders known as Lake
Nasser and 165 km inside the Sudanese borders which known as Lake
Nubia). High Aswan Dam operation rules were determined by the Ministry
of Water Resources and Irrigation (MWRI) according to different
restrictions to ensure dam safety and suitable water management all of that
according to different restrictions. The purpose of this research is studying
the impact of these environmental variables on High Aswan Dam OperationRules. The research is divided into two major parts: The first part deals with
the simulation of the lake Nasser taking into consideration all possible
inflow scenarios, water release downstream HAD, the Sudan abstraction,
evaporation with different scenarios, El Sheikh Zayed water demand, Toshka
outflow, seepage and bank storage losses. The study takes into consideration
lake operation and share reduction according to 1959 international treaty
between Sudan and Egypt, the simulation of multiple-year simulation fordifferent consecutive floods for a period of (two, three, five and seven years)
and different initial lake water levels. The second part investigates the water
quality of Lake Nasser and the effect of water level on the physicochemical
variables of High Aswan Dam Reservoir (HADR) water; Different water
quality data were analyzed. These data are collected from 14 sites in Sudan
border through four years monitoring program (2001, 2003, 2006 and 2008),
and statistical analysis was performed using statistical package for the social
sciences (SPSS 17) to evaluate the relation between water level and water
quality variables. The change of water level for HADR has an effect on
some water quality variables which affect consequently the quality of the
lake inflow.