الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Trace elements (TE)Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Trace elements are essential for many vital processes. It plays an important role in the structure of proteins, enzymes and complex carbohydrates to participate in biochemical reactions. Hemodialysis (HD) patients are at risk of developing trace elements imbalance and thus the establishment of normal value of trace elements in HD patients is of great importance.
Therefore, this study aimed to compare plasma trace elements [copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn) and selenium (Se)] levels between hemodialysis Egyptian patients and healthy controls. The effects of dialysis on these trace elements were also studied.
The present study involved 44 hemodialysis patients with end stage renal failure (“hemodialysis group”, 23 females and 21males) who were treated in the Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. The mean age of the patients was 41.71±14.41 years for males and 48.00±14.03 years for females. The control group was composed of 44 healthy volunteers (23females, 21 males) with a mean age 36.52±12.04 years for males and 40.17±11.58 years for females. The study subjects were all in the same socioeconomic class and had similar nutritional habits. Patients were divided into two groups (before and after dialysis) to evaluate the effect of dialysis on trace elements.
The results of the present study indicated that plasma trace element concentrations in HD patients are distinctly different compared to that of healthy controls as follows:
1- Descriptive data of study subjects showed a significant increase in serum creatinine level and alkaline phosphatase activity, a non-significant decrease was observed in serum total protein content in male and female HD patients compared to control values.
2- On the other hand, the results showed that serum albumin content, total bilirubin level and SGPT activity were significantly decreased in HD male and female patients compared to their matched control.
3- A non- significant changes in HD Zn and Cu levels for male and female patients compared to their matched control subjects and pre-HD with post-HD.
4- A significant decrease in Mn and Co levels in HD male and female patients compared to control subjects, where non- significant changes between pre and post- hemodialysis patients.
5- Level of Se was significantly decreased in HD male and female patients while there was significant decrease in post- hemodialysis female patients only compared to pre- hemodialysis.