الفهرس 
Anatomy of left atriumOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Doppler tissue imaging can provide important insights into patients cardiac function and is useful for estimating filling pressures in patient with heart failure .(70) In most of these patients systolic and diastolic dysfunction co-exist. In about ’lj of atients with heart failure, however, left ventricular systolic performance is maintained, and signs and symptoms of heart failure are attributable to purely left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (132) Recently, Doppler tissue imaging has emerged as a new noninvasive imaging modality that allows direct online measurement of E(early) and A(late) Myocardial velocities throughout the cardiac cycle and to provide additional insights in assessment of diastolic function, (133).