الفهرس | يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام |
المستخلص The strategy of raising the sport man starts since his inception, and the psychological aspect is one of the important aspects in preparing him from the very beginning stage to the end. Hence, football referee is considered one of the main pillars in the progress and development of this game, so physical psychology represents a paramount importance to the referee, because it deals with the psychological aspects that would have positive or negative effects on his performance award. This science aims at helping the referee to face of all the problems in a scientific manner so that he can appear in an honorable way. Amr Hassan Ahmed Badran (2005), confirms that the psychological features play a key role in formatting the sportive character, and contribute greatly in improving the level of achievement in various sport activities (115:69). The researchers are interested in studying the problems which are related to pressures and how to address them; as confrontational approach is useful in solving and addressing problems in the future and alleviates these pressures. Psychological aspects are variables that contribute to the ability of football referees in positive confrontation of pressure and find solutions. as it is one of the main pillars in building sportive personality, which the different surrounding environmental experiences the compose and develop them since childhood. As a result, the referees who have psychological aspects are committing themselves easily to what they do and believe in their ability to control events. They look for changing pressures as if normal defied that allow them to grow and when they realize the pressure they can take Incorrect decisions. The study of the psychological aspects for the sportive character is one of the most important research topics in the field of psychology in general and special in physical psychology. The unique physical and talents characteristics which are characterized by athletes invites a lot of specialists in physical psychology to identify the Psychological profile of these people. Ahmed Amin Fawzy, and Buthayna Mohamed Fade! (2 mentions that the unique physical characteristics and talents whic characterized by athletes invite a lot of experts in sportive psycholc try to identify the psychological profile for those distinct athletes. also, add that the idea of the profile has been used widely in studies and remains used to predict success in the sportive perforrr according to the psychological, physical, condition and physiok condition of the player (75:6). The psychological profile is considered a psychological embodi to the Egyptian football referee, which will be on its basis the acc’ selection of talented referees, their continuity of practicing arbitn their insistence on practicing this activity without fleeing of fear of addition it contribute in predicting the behavior of those referee in to achieve the best results and access to required levels (6:57). Sabri lbrahim Attia (1996 A.D), mentions that the sportive rel represents an important element in the sportive field. mor€ arbitration is a fundamental aspect for the success or failure ol sportive program (21:51). Hassan Shaltout, and Hassan Sayed Moawad (1997), are agreed on the decisions made by the referee constitute the active role ol referees during sport competitions because they carry on shoulders the efforts of the coach, the player and the administrati the arena, since the result of the competition does not only depen the interpretation of laws, but also on the accuracy of implementation (20:29). The process of arbitration has a significant impact on upgra the game. Sobhy Naseer (1997 A.D.), indicates that the referee is sportsman who runs sportive competition, works on protecting players, and he has granted the full authority and his decisions are I Hence, he must have confidence in himself and in his ability to decisions and arbitration depending on himself specially in the c that he is the sole judge (103:50). According to Osama Kamel Rateb (2004 A.D.), the excessive external pressures located on the shoulders of referee owing to external agitation may lead to his inability to concentration, attention and decision-making. This is evidenced of fans noise or coaches’ comments or players during athletic competition (11: 196). Nabil Khalil Nada (2009 A.D.), refers to the multiplicity of pressure sources on the football referee. Some of these sources have been realized during watching matches or manage them. and exploring saw a sample of the referees was reached to these sources, such as: referee himself - the assistant referee - rules of the game - the course of events of the game - the players - the technical and administrative - the public - the media - Match - Security (12:110). The sport that is practiced by most referees in the arbitration process now, is no longer just a hobby. So saying that arbitration is not merely a hobby, is a form of reality- denial. Sport, in its contemporary concept establishes vocational centers where practiced most athletes in most sports as a source of livelihood head. Football is one of the most popular sports. football referee is no longer see this sport as a game, but sees it from an economic perspective; that everything has a price and he is always demanding the cost of his arbitration and his enjoying millions by managing the game (179:33). Therefore the researcher realized that studying the psychological profile of the Egyptian Football referees, is one of the important factors that could shed light largely on personal characteristics which may access the referee to the highest levels. It also, may provide help and conception for workers in the field of this sport about some psychological aspects which may help or hinder the progress in their arbitral performance . which can light a basis for the basic requirements that help professionals in right choice, the best selection, and guidance to raise the level of arbitral performance to the Egyptian football. In the light of this, the researcher can identify the reasons for which to address this problem. |