الفهرس 
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Abstract
In all casting processes usually after the metal pouring the metal starts to solidify. The heat transfer through the mould represents an important factor for controlling the solidification process. The heat transfer depends on moisture content, type of bonding material …..etc.
This study is a comparison between the different casting processes from the point of view of their effect on the mechanical and metallurgical properties of the moulded component.
The moulding sand processes can be graded as follows :
1)Green sand processes have higher cooling rate due to the presence of moisture content.
2)The cement sand processes exhibit slow rate of cooling.
3)The CO2 process low cooling rate than the green sand.
4)The processes with organic bonding agent the lowest cooling rate in this study, such as cold set process shell moulding and lastly hot box and oil sand processes.
For the metallic moulding processes we can conclude following :
1)The permanent mould process has the highest cooling rate i.e high thermal conductivity viz . high bf. so, In this case this processshould be followed by heat treatment in order to be machinable.
2)The centrigugal mould process has moderate cooling rate with respect to permanent mould. This due to the motion of the metal during this process, hence it leads to good and fine distribution for the graphite.