الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Three production systems were carried out in sandy loam soil br to study the effect of farmyard manure (FYM) and nitrogen br fertilizer levels (N) on vegetative growth, forage quality traits and br yield and yield components of the 1st br and 2nd br growths of dual- br purpose sorghum, grown at Demo experimental farm of the Faculty br of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Egypt, during the two br successive seasons of 2009 and 2010. br Results revealed that increasing FYM level -#102;-#114;-#111;-#109; 20 to 40 br m3 br /fed. significantly increased most vegetative growth traits in the br 1st br and 2nd br growth periods under the three production systems br except number of green leaves per plant in the 1st br growth period br and plant height and fresh blades/stem ratio in the 2nd br growth br period at the1st br production system, number of green leaves per plant br and stem diameter in the 1st br growth and number of tillers per hill br and fresh blades/stem ratio in the 2nd br growth at the 2nd br production br system and number of green leaves per plant, stem diameter and br fresh blades/stem ratio in the 1st br and 2nd br growths at the 3rd br production system in each season and their combined analysis. br Nitrogen fertilizer levels had a significant effect on all br vegetative growth traits in the 1st br and 2nd br growths at the three br production systems except, fresh blades/stem ratio in the 2nd br growth br period at the 2nd br production systems. Applying 90 kg N/fed. in each br season and their combined analysis gave the highest mean values of br plant height, number of green leaves per plant, number of green br leaves per hill, number of tillers per hill, stem diameter, leaves area br per plant, fresh weight of plant, fresh weight of vegetative tillers br per hill, dry weight of plant, dry weight of tillers per hill and fresh br blades/stem ratio except the highest mean values of leaves area per br plant and fresh blades/stem ratio in the 1st br season in the 1st br and 2nd br growth periods, respectively, at the 1st br production system, also br number of green leaves per plant in the 2nd br season in the 1st br growth br period at the 2nd br production system increased by applying 60 kg br N/fed. br There were significant effects due to the FYM x N interaction br on most vegetative growth traits in the 1st br and 2nd br growth periods at br the three production systems except the 1st br growth period at the 3rd br production system. br Farmyard manure and N fertilizer alone or in combinations br had a significant effect on almost forage quality traits viz., dry br matter content (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), Ash br content, ether extract (EE) and nitrogen free extract (NFE) in blades br and stem with sheathes of dual- purpose sorghum plants in the 1st br and 2nd br growth periods at the three production systems, as well as br (CP) content in grains in the 2nd br and 1st br growths at the 1st br and 2nd br production systems, respectively, and also the 1st br and 2nd br growth br periods at the 3rd br production system. br Under most circumstances, grain yield components viz., br panicle length, panicle diameter, panicle weight, 1000-grain weight, br grain yield per plant, harvest index and shelling percentage, also br yields i.e. biological yield and grain yield were significantly br affected by the application of both FYM and N fertilizer alone or in br combinations in the 2nd br and 1st br growth periods at the 1st br and 2nd br production systems, respectively, as well as in the 1st br and 2nd br growth periods in the 3rd br production system. br On the other hand, there were significant effects due to br application of different rates of FYM or N fertilizer as alone or in br combinations on forage and dry yields in the 1st br and 2nd br growths at br the three production systems except for the interaction effect on br forage and dry yields in the 1st br growth at the 1st br and 2nd br production br systems and dry yield in the 2nd br growth at the 3rd br production br system. br Production systems, FYM and nitrogen fertilizer levels had br significant effects on biological yield, grain yield, forage yield and br dry yield in both seasons. The interaction between production br systems x FYM rates also had a significant effect on biological br yield and grain yield in both seasons and also forage yield in 2009 br season and dry yield in 2010 season. br The interaction between production systems and N fertilizer br levels had a significant effect on grain yield in both seasons and br biological yield and forage yield only in 2010 season. But dry yield br was not significantly affected by the interaction between production br systems x nitrogen fertilizer levels in both seasons. br Grain yield and forage yield were significantly affected by the br interaction between FYM rates x nitrogen fertilizer levels in both br seasons. However, dry yield and biological yield were significantly br affected in 2009 and 2010, respectively. br The three way interaction among production systems, FYM br rates and nitrogen fertilizer levels had a significant effect on grain br yield in 2009 season and biological yield and forage yield only in br 2010 season, while the three way interaction had no significant br effect on dry yield in both seasons. br In general, it may be concluded that under the 2nd br production br system, applying of 40 m3 br FYM with 90 kg N/fed. at the 1st br growth br period and 90 kg N/fed. at the 2nd br growth period could be br recommended for maximizing forage yield and improving most br indices of the forage sorghum quality. Also, under the 3rd br production system, applying of 20 m3 br FYM with 90 kg N/fed. at the br 1st br growth period and 90 kg N/fed. at the 2nd br growth period may be br recommended for maximizing sorghum grain yield. However, using br the 3rd br production system with applying of 40 m3 br FYM with 90 kg br N/fed. for the 1st br growth and also 90 kg N/fed. for the 2nd br growth br may be recommended for maximizing grain and forage yields of br dual-purpose sorghum with reduce the total economic cost of yield br in all production systems in the newly reclaimed sandy soils under br the environmental conditions of Fayoum region. br Key words: FYM, mineral nitrogen fertilizer, re-growth, dual- br purpose sorghum, grain yield, forage yield, forage quality and br new reclaimed soil.