الفهرس 
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Abstract
Robotic is a relatively new field of modern technology that crosses traditional engineering boundaries.
Understanding the complexity of robot and their applications requires knowledge of electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, industrial engineering ,computer science, economics and mathematics. The term robot was first introduced into our vocabulary by the Czech play-. Wright Karel Capek in his 1920 plays Rossurrrs Universal Robots, the word robot being the Russian and Czech word for work. Since this term has been applied to a great variety of me- chanical devices, such as teleoperators, underwater vehicles, autonomy land rovers, etc. virtually anything that operates with some degree of autonomy, usually under computer con- trol, has at some point been called a robot (see [1]).
The term robot can convey many different meaning in the mind of the reader depending on. The context. In the treatment present here, a common robot designs are a robotic manipulator and a mobile robot.