الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In the last three decade considerable attention has been paid on the role of diet and human health, in particular dietary lipids. Consequently, it has been assumed that diet rich in fat; especially that containing high percentages of saturated fatty acids; is unlikely to be beneficial to health. This applies certainly to the role of dietary dairy products, especially those with a high fat content in the diet.
Although, Egypt can not be considered a rich milk producing country, beside it was difficult to obtain statics on the incidence of heart, obesity and fatty liver diseases between the Egyptian population. Observaations show an increasing number of people suffering from coronary heart disease and fatty liver, perhaps due to economic development and rapid changes in diet and lifestyle.
Since dairy products has been perceived to increase an individual’s risk of coronary heart disease and all evidence relate dietary fat intake and plasma cholesterol level. Therefore, it was found necessary to assess the role of milk fat in the Egyptian diet. To achieve that this study was carried out under the following topics.
Production:
Estimates are published each year by the Ministry of Agriculture and the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics of the quantity of food materials produced including milk and milk products.
The collected data over the period 1999 to 2007 indicated:
- At national level the amount of milk produced reached 5,925,000 tons b) the year 2007, of which 53.79% was from cow milk and 44.05% from buffalo milk. While at Minia governorate level the milk production b) the year 2007 was 465530 tons, buffaloes’ milk represented 56.20% and cow’s milk represented 43.80%. The comparison of milk production at different governorates, Minia governorate came second after Behera governorate.
The calculated figures for the amount of milk available per capita showed that at national level, the amount of milk per capita increased from 59.6 kg/year (163 g/day) in 1999 to 80.5 kg/year (220 g/day) in 2007, despite the increase in population from 63 million in 1999 to -74 million in 2007. At Minia governorate level the increase was from 61.4 kg milk/year (168 g/day) in 1999 to 110.5 kg/year (303 g/day) in 2007.
- The figures showed that Egypt produces appreciable amounts of dai~ products namely, pasteurized milk (UHT), yoghurt, white cheese, hard and roquefort cheeses, processed cheese, samna and ice cream, but the production of these products were inconsistent over the examined period 1999 to 2007.
- Small amounts of the produced dairy products are exported to some Arab countries to meet the demand of Egyptian population working or living there. On the other hand, Egypt imported some of these dairy products and cheeses and butter oil constituted the major imports.
- The calculated data on self-sufficiency according to the central agency for public mobilization and staJistics showed a progressive increase in
elf sufficiency of dairy pro pasteurized milk, yoghurt, v. the situation of milk produc completely self-sufficient in hard cheeses, processed chee imported to cover-up the low
on umption and fat intal The average per capita dl assessed at Minia regia I
presenting to a large extent, els. These groups included overnment employee (GE) an hundred subjects of each. The n m milk and milk products, people with farmer and labourel
ignificant differences were oti milk fat. In addition, the da products was more from non m’ noticeable for farmers and la
n. About 52%, 77% and drink milk, eat fermented m re pectively.
Daily fat intake per pe amount consumed from mi!~ products. The fat intake from 0 that total fat intake quite varie
02007 indicated:
reached 5,925,000 tons by w milk and 44.05% from el the milk production by k represented 56.20% and son of milk production at ame second after ehera
milk available per capita . milk per capita increased D.5 kg/year (220 glday) in ~63million in 1999 to -74 the increase was from 61.4 year (303 g/day) in 2007.
preciable amounts of dairy roghurt, white cheese, hard mna and ice cream, but the nt over the examined period
s are exported to some Arab opulation working or Jiving )me of these dairy products jor imports.
xding to the central agency ed a progressive increase in
self sufficiency of dairy products and became almost self sufficient in pasteurized milk, yoghurt, white cheese and ice cream. Obviously, with the situation of milk production in Egypt, it is not possible to become completely self-sufficient in all dairy products items. Certain amounts of hard cheeses, processed cheese and large amounts of butter oil have to be imported to cover-up the low self sufficiency of these products.
Consumption and fat intake:
The average per capita daily consumption of milk and milk products was assessed at Minia region. Three groups of people were chosen representing to a large extent, the educational and perhaps the economical levels. These groups included, Minia University staf members (USM); government employee (GE) and farmers and laborers (FL), a total of a hundred subjects of each. The mean values of daily consumption per capita from milk and milk products, quite varied between the three groups of people with farmer and labourers being significantly the least. However, no significant