الفهرس 
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Abstract
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v. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
This investigation aims to study the effect of soil
and machine operating conditions on planting effectiveness.
Seed-bed preparation and planter forward speed were selected
as affecting factors.
study.
Maize crop was planted under this
Seed-bed preparaption treatments were as follows:-
The first treatment was plowed in two passes by using
chisel plow and levelled slightly (Pl)·
The secand treatment was plowed in two pGsses by chisel
plow. on pases by rotary plow. and levelled slightly (P2)·
Thr third treatment was plowed in two pasSes by chisel
plow, three passes by rotary plow. and levelled slightly
The forward speeds were 3, 5 and 8 km/h.
The aeasureaents were as follows:
_ Seed-bed preparation parameters (Sail clods
by MWD index - soil compaction).
Seed spacings and seed-depth uniformity
distribution
and their
relations with planter whee’s
slippage and machine
”4ibration as result for the changing in forward speed.
_ Plant ing effectiveness as related to soil pul veri zation
and forward speed (seed germination percent; seedlings
and roots growth; corn grain yield) •
._---- ...---
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The i.portant results were as follows:
1- Mean weight diameter (MWD) of soil decreased with
increasing soil pulverization, consequently soil compaction
increased.
2- The treatment of seed-bed preparation (P2) MWD (2.62
cm) gave the best seed spacings and seed-depth uniformity
special 1y at 5 km/ h. forward speed due to decrease of
machine vibration and wheels slippage.
3- Planting effectiveness as affected by forward speed
and seed-bed perparation:-
Seed ser.lnation and seedlings growth:
Both seed germination percent and dry-mass of seedlings
we re inf luenced by so i1 pulver ization abviously from the
eoarest.treatment of seed-bed preparation (PI) MWD (4.49 em)
to finest treatments (P2 and P3) MWD (2.62, and 1.75 em).
Mean seed germination percentage were 30.14, 56 and 59.79%;
and mean dry-mass of corn seedlings were 3.14, 4.68 and
4.54 g for the treatments P1, Pz and P3’ respectively.
The best seed germination percent and dry-mass of
corn seedlings were 60.5% and 4.78 g at 5 km/h.
For the same crop (maize) and soil (clay) we must
used the forward speed 5 km/h. and prepared the soil as
the treatment (P
Z
) KWD (Z.62 em) where it gaye the highestseed
gemination (65.85%) and mean dry-mass of corn seedlings
(5.23 g).
~--~-_._--- .. _--~--
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loots Irovth:
The dry-mass of root s was increased wi th increasing
soil pu1verization after 30 days from planting. Mean drymass
of roots were 40.22, 48.69 and 59.73 g for the
trea tmen ts Pl’ P2 and P3. This resul t due to the spread
of roo t s is easy in the finest soi 1 (P Z-p 3) compared with
the coarest soil (P1). But after 60, 90 days from planting,
the dry-mass of roots has not influenced by soil pulverization
may be due to that the soil physical as comaction
hardness, changed wi th irr igation and dra inge through the
life of plants.
Corn yield:
The highest corn
treatment of seed-bed
grain yield was 1300 fed.
preparation (PZ) at 5 km/h.
for the
forward
speed, this is the same cond itions which was gave the best
seed germination, seedlings growth and seed placing
uniformity. In contrast the lowest corn grain yield was
658.8 kg/fed. for the treatment (P1) of seed-bed preparation
at 8 km/h. forward speed.
This means that the seed ing in suitable seed-bed
preparation .as (PZ) MWD (2.62 cm) and proper machine· forward
speed (5 km/h.) caused 100% increasing in corn grain yield
in contrast if the seed was sowing in coarse soil and
sowing operation with unsuitable forward speed.
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leco_endation:
from the results of this work we must be interest
with complete of the studies on the effect of mechanization
sowing 0 pera tion on crop yield and knowing the sui table
recommendation of operating of farm machinery under Egyptian
conditions and which perform to increase the agricultural
production •