الفهرس 
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Abstract
Hospital-acquired infection is a worldwide problem. It can result in increased hospitalization, slower recovery and delayed return to the workforce. At times it may result in additional surgery such as debridement or amputation. It may even result in the patient’s death. In addition, hospital-acquired infection increases the cost of medical care, increases the length of surgery waiting lists and can result in litigation for the health care service provider or facility. Prevention of hospital-acquired infection is therefore cost effective and achievable even when resources are limited.
The infection control community has responded rapidly to the changing patterns of infectious diseases, discovering and using of Infection Control Standards, designed to interrupt the various modes of disease transmission within the healthcare facility. Surgical patients or those who have multi-trauma are at risk of hospital-acquired infection, so there is need to implementing infection control standards.
The present study designed infection control standards for staff nurses at surgical departments in Nasser Hospital based on literature review, also, this study tested the proposed standards validity (face and content validity) based on experts viewpoint. Moreover, the study determined the importance the proposed standards criteria based on nurses viewpoint. Furthermore, the present study determined the applicability of the proposed standards criteria by nurses based on observation of staff nurses performance at surgical departments.
The study was conducted at Surgical Departments in Nasser Hospital, Its governmental hospital. Two departments were included in the study, namely Male Surgical Department (A) and Female Surgical Department (B). Two groups of subjects were included in this study. The first group was jury group consisted of 17 expert physicians and 13 nurse educators from Palestine, while the second group was the staff nurses working at surgical departments, it consisted of 37 nurses.
Three tools were designed in this study and used for data collection of the study: (opinionnaire sheet, a questionnaire sheet, and nurses performance observation checklist).
A pilot study was carried out and before data collection to identify the most efficient method for data collection and to test the implementation of the tools. The researcher modified the study tools according to results of the pilot study. The pilot study was achieved over a period of three months.
The present study concluded the following findings:
The majority of the jury group agreed upon the general form of the proposed infection control standards (face validity), their agreement ranged between (84.6% to 100%).
The majority of the jury group agreed upon the proposed infection control standards and its criteria (content validity), their agreement ranged between (88.2% to 100%).
The majority of the nurses at surgical departments agreed upon the importance of the proposed standards criteria, their agreement ranged between (83.8% to 100%).
There majority of staff nurses at surgical departments performed all criteria of the proposed infection control standards, the percentages of the nurses performance summarized below:
o Staff nurses’ performance of Hand Hygiene ranged between (83.8% to 100%).
o Staff nurses’ performance of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) ranged between (86.5% to 100%).
o Staff nurses’ performance of Management of Patient Care Equipment (86.5% to 100%).
o Staff nurses’ performance of Management of Blood and Other Body Fluid Spillages ranged between (89.2% to 100%).
o Staff nurses’ performance of Line Management ranged between (86.5% to 100%).
o Staff nurses’ performance of Waste Management ranged between (86.5% to 100%).
o Staff nurses’ performance of Patient Placement and Patient Transport ranged between (89.2% to 100 %).
o Staff nurses’ performance of Environmental Control ranged between (96.6% to 100%).
o Staff nurses’ performance of Occupational Exposure Management ranged (86.5% to 100%).
In conclusion, the designed infection control standards were validated based on jury group opinions, also there were no differences between both jury groups upon the agreement of the proposed standards. Moreover, the majority of nurses agreed upon the importance of standards criteria. Furthermore, almost all standards’ criteria were performed by nurses at surgical departments.
Based on the results, it is recommended that the designed standards should be applicable under administrative monitoring and all health care providers should be included in implementing the standards. Also, the infection control concept should be addressed by nursing managers and provide continuing training programs for all staff nurses. In addition the policies and manual procedures of infection control should be established for each department and sufficient resources, facilities, equipments, and supplies necessary to implement infection control standards should be provided in each department. Further, the staff nurses should be screened for HBV, HCV and HIV and a surveillance of hospital acquired infection should be obtained to detect the incidence of infection