الفهرس 
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Abstract
The study revealed that surgical anatomical considerations of the vertebral column can assist in providing an overview and information on the surgical approaches of the soft tissues and bony structures in different vertebral column affections. In additional to diagnosing some of the vertebral column affections by either the change in the normal gross morphological or the orientation of the normal structures as hemivertebrea, block vertebrae, vertebral fractures, vertebral luxation and vertebral tumors.
Diagnosis of spinal conditions in dogs required an ability to conduct and interpret a neurological examination and knowledge of ancillary diagnostic tests. Contrast medium is useful in cases of obstruction of the spinal central canal and myelography after cisterna magna or lumbar puncture is a prompt and accurate method for localization of spinal injuries. Though, plain radiography is satisfactory reveals congenital abnormalities, fractures and luxation in spine.
The most common surgical treatment of vertebral column affections consisted of decompressive surgery (dorsal laminectomy, hemilamenectomy and fenestration), in addition to external and internal fixation incase of vertebral fractures and luxation.
Nerve regeneration will depend on how long those nerves were crushed and how much damage has been took place. Therefore, the early and correct diagnosis, appropriate interference and proper care after surgery are the insured way of neurological improvement in spine affections.