الفهرس 
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Abstract
Three types of spraying equipment were selected and tested on Gorma watermelon plant (Citrullus lonatus var.colocynthis) , during summer season (2010). The effect of compounds and ground spraying techniques were evaluated against aphid in watermelon.
Modification of certain ground spraying machine used for controlling Aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover.), during the summer season (2010), was made in order to improve the homogeneity on plant coverage and to minimize lost spray on ground and drift spray on air for ( 1.0 and 4.0 meters ) from treatment. For conservation of environment pollution, trials were carried out with the commonly used toxic insecticide replaced with safer natural material. One of biotic compound Biofly with dosage 0.1 l./fed; was tested for controlling aphid on gorma watermelon plant . Also a chemical insecticides Fenitrothion 50% Ec with dosage of 0.375 l./fed were selected as toxic insecticide recommended for testing. Two criteria were selected to evaluate the tested spraying techniques, which are insect mortality (representing the biological aspect) and spray loss (representing the environmental aspect). Accordingly, the best technique for controlling aphid on watermelon plant was Modified rotary sprayer with Fenitrothion, spray loss 0.0 % (mortality=81.6 %); Modified rotary sprayer with Biofly , spray loss, 0.0 % ( mortality =74.4 % );
The modified rotary sprayer with spray volume 4 l/fed ,made by the author, succeeded in improving aphid mortality on watermelon plant. Fenitrothion insecticide gone about 7 % more than the grand mean mortality (74.4 %) for the same modified sprayer.
The relationship between spray quality and mortality of aphid on watermelon results indicated the superiority of Fenitrothion insecticide over the biotic compounds with 7 % more mortality, when the mortality percentage of both compound was about 74.4 %. In general,. The grand means of mortality found on the upper levels watermelon plant were 89% and 71% successively. The DROPlets spectrum deposited were 73 DROPlets of 88 µm.
In case equal the Bioefficency, since insignificant for each to compound with all techniques.
According to the final results from residual activity view and environmental view. It could be arranged the equipment descendingly as follows. A local modified spinning disc sprayer ( 12 l/fed ) ,Knapsack motor sprayer Agrimondo ( 20 l/fed ) and Conventional ground motor ( 400 l/fed ).