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Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 3 D sonohysterography (3DSHG) in assessment of the endometrial cavity in infertile women,as compared to the Gold standard of hysteroscopy. Fifty infertile females were included in our study in the period between March 2009 and August 2009. They were recruited based on their complaint which was reproductive failure (recurrent abortion or infertility) after completing investigations that included; Hysterosalpingography HSG and 2D ultrasound. Semen analysis was done to exclude male factor as well. All patients underwent the following transvaginal techniques; 2D ultrasound,3D US 2D SHG, 3DSHG. All patients underwent hysteroscopy for confirmation of ultrasound results and management of found lesions. The results of our study showed sensitivity, specificity , NPV, PPV of 2D US, 3D US, 2D SHG, 3D SHG to be; The highest accuracy for diagnosing any abnormality was found with 2D and 3D sonohysterography and both were similar 89.36%.The highest sensitivity and specificity of these two techniques were in diagnosis of Mullerian anomalies reaching 100% and least with IU synechiae in which their accuracy was 91.67%. Our study gave similar accuracy for 2DSHG and 3D SHG. Since 2D sonohysterography is an easy cheap and simple technique and uses available ultrasound machines without the need for the expensive 3D technology it should be the first line of investigation in infertile females with uterine abnormalities. Key Words: Transvaginal ultrasound, Sonohysterography, Hysteroscopy, Infertility , uterine cavity abnormalities |