الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 153 |  |  |
| | | from | 153 | | |
Abstract
Explosion load becomes an important research field in recent days, due to the terrorist attacks,
that occur all over the world. A bomb explosion within or immediately nearby a building can
cause catastrophic damage on the building’s external and internal structural frames, collapsing
of walls, blowing out of large expanses of windows, and shutting down of critical life safety
systems. Loss of life and injuries to occupants can result from many causes, including direct
blast effects, structural collapse, debris impact, fire, and smoke.
This thesis presents the various analysis methods available to simulate the loads from a high
explosive blast on structural buildings. Blast wave phenomena and blast load parameters are
investigated using CONWEP program. An analytical finite element model (FEM) for different
3D structural building systems subjected to blast loading is performed using SAP 2000
software package. Expremental and analytical studies from litrauture work are used to verify
the proposed FEM. Different types of steel structural systems for low and high rise bulidings
are invetigated to study their roubstness, connection’s types, collapsability limt and capability
under blast loads. Three structural systems are investigated; moment resisting frame (MRF),
Braced Frames (BF) and Eccentric Braced Frames (EBF). Three, ten and twenty story building
are analyzed using elastic time history for chemical blast loads.
It was found that the moment resisting frames have a large number of dissipative zones, which
are located near to the beam to column connections. Therefore, it can dissipate more energy
than any other system. For braced frames, unacceptable large structural damage can occur due
to the failure of bracing elements after very short time. A suitable system between the lateral
rigidity of bracing and the ductility of moment resisting frames can be obtained using eccentric
braced frames. Mainly axially loaded members resist the blast load, but the eccentricity of the
bracing allows the energy dissipation by means of cyclic bending and shear behavior in an
element known as a link. Due to the high redundancy of the high-rise buildings, all investigated
structural systems had a large number of dissipative zones and dissipate more energy.