الفهرس 
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Abstract
This work was carried out to monitor the residues of chlorinated
hydrocarbon pesticides (lindane,. a and II-hexachlorocyclohexane, total
.. .
DDT, aldrin, dieldrin and endrin) and two organophosphorus compounds
namely malathion and pirimiphos-methyl in three cereal grains (wheat,
maize and shelled &paddy rice); in one legume seeds (faba beans); in four
fruits (apple, apricot, peach and prune), and also in four vegetables
(tomatoes fruits, stored & new harvested potato tubers, cucumbers and
green pepper fruits). The samples of these products were purchased from
the markets located in the Kalyubia Govemorate (Tukh, Kaha & Banha)
and from Cairo city during the period from May 1996 to Octoher 1998.
Residues analysis was carried out at the Laboratory of Pesticides, Plant
Protection Department of the Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor Zagazig
University.
Results showed the foUowing:-
All wheat, paddy rice, the majority of maize and shelled rice
samples contained different amounts of lindane below the maximum
residue limits of the FAO CMRLs). Residues of a and II-HCH were found
in nearly all samples of cereal grains (wheat, maize and shelled & paddy
rice) and faba bean at various ’”level equal to or lower than the MRLs.
Data indicate that 71.9 % of the wheat, 62.5 % of maize, 55.6 % of
shelled rice, 88.9 % of paddy rice and all faha bean samples contained
different amounts of DDT derivatives in range from 0.001 to 0.04 mglkg
and these values were lower than the MRL.
The cyclodiens compounds (aldrin, dieldrin and endrin) were not
detected in any analyzed grains and legume samples.
The residues of the organophosphorus insecticide pirimiphos-methyl
and malathion were detected in around 38 % & 56 % of the wheat, 18.8 % &
68.8 % of the maize, 22.2 % & 87.5 % of the shelled rice, 0.0 % & 88.9 % of
the paddy rice and 16.7 % & 100 % of faba bean samples, respectively. The
amounts of residues were in all cases within the permitted limits.
Furthermore, the obtained results revealed clearly, that none of the
analyzed grain or legume samples contained amounts of the
organochlorine/or organophosphorus pesticide residues exceeded their MRLs
of the FAO.
A total of 12 samples were examined for pesticide residues in apple,
apricot, peach and prune fruits. The results revealed that all samples except
one apricot sample contained different amounts of lindane in range from 0.01
to 0.02 mg/kg within the permitted limits.
All tested apple, peach, and 75 % of apricot samples contained, a and
P-HCH residues in range from 0.001 to 0.02 rnglkg within the permitted
levels.
Data indicate that 66.7 %, 50 %, 91.7 % and 91.7 % of the apple,
apricot, peach and prune samples, respectively contained different amounts
of DDT derivatives in range from 0.001 to 0.04 mglkg and these values were
lower than the MRL.
The residue of cyclodiens compounds (aldrin, dieldrin and endrin)
were not detected in any analyzed fruit samples.
The organophosphorus insecticide pirimiphos-methyl residues were
detected only in 4, 6, 3, and 0.0 of the apple, apricot, peach and prune
samples, respectively. The residues were found at a range of 0.01 to 0.]
mglkg. Malathion was detected in 41.7 %,58.3 %, 41.7 % and 16.7 % of the
tested apple, apricot, peach and prune samples, respectively. The residues
were found at range of 0.02 to 0.3 mg/kg. The amounts of residues of both
compounds were in all cases lower than the permitted limits.
Furthermore, the obtained results revealed clearly, that none of the
analyzed apple, apricot, peach and prune fruit samples contained amounts of
the organochlorine/or organophosphorus pesticide residues exceeded their
MRLs of the FAO.
Thirty-two of tomato, 20 of cucumber and 16 green pepper fruit
. samples were examined for pesticide residues. Results revealed that all
samples contained different amounts of lindane in range from 0.00 I to 0.1
mglkg within the permitted limits. Seventy eight percent of the tomato, 90 %
of the cucumber and 93.8 % of green pepper fruit samples contained a and
P-HCH. The levels of a and P-HCH in tomato samples ranged from 0.001 to
0.012 mg/kg, which were below the maximum residue limits MRL. These
values were from 0.001 to 0.1 mglkg in the cucumber samples. The highest
amount of 0.1 mglkg was detected only on one sample from Kaha market
and this value was five times higher than the MRL. However, the other
samples contained residues lower than the permissible levels. Alpha and Beta
fruits were from 0.001 to 0.03 mg/kg. Only one sample from Tukh market
shows the highest amount of 0.03 mglkg, which was slightly higher than
the MRL. Residues of the other samples were lower than the MRL.
Data indicate that 59.4 0/0, 40 % and 81.3 % of the tested tomato,
cucumber and green pepper fruit samples contained different amounts of
DDT derivatives in range from 0.001 to 0.04 mglkg and these values were
lower than the MRL.
None of the tomato, cucumber and green pepper fruit samples
contained any detectable residues of the cyclodiens compounds (aldrin,
dieldrin and endrin).
The organophosphorus insecticide pirimiphos-methyl residues were
detected only in 43.3 %, 50 % and 37.5 % of the tested tomato, cucumber
and green pepper fruit samples, respectively. The pirimiphos-methyl
residues ranged from 0.02 to 0.5 mglkg. The organophosphorus insecticide
malathion was detected also in 43.3 %, 45 % and 37.5 % of the tested
tomato, cucumber and green pepper fruit samples, respectively. The
residue levels ranged from 0.02 to 0.5 mglkg. The amounts of residues of
both compounds were in all cases below the permitted limits.
Furthermore, the obtained results revealed clearly, that none of the
analyzed tomato fruit samples contained amounts of the organochlorine/or
organophosphorus pesticide residues exceeded their MRLs of the FAO.
However, the organochlorine a and J3-HCH were detected in one cucumber
sample at 0.1 mg/kg and one green pepper fruit samples at 0.03 mglkg
which, were higher than the permissible limits of 0.02 mg/kg.
Twenty samples of stored potato tubers were tested for pesticide
residues, results revealed that all samples contained different amounts of
lindane in range from 0.01 to 3.4 mglkg. The highest amounts of lindane
residues 1.5 and 3.4 mg/kg that are 15 to 34 times higher than the MRL
were detected in two samples of stored potato obtained from Cairo City
markets. Also all stored potato tubers samples contained u and J3-HCH.
The levels of u and J3-HCH ranged from 0.001 to 2.6 mg/kg. Seventy
percent of the tested samples contained residue levels that are higher than
the MRL. The highest amounts of uand f)-HeR residues of2.6 mg/kg that
is a 130 times higher than the permissible limit of 0.02 mg/kg was detected
in one sample obtained from Cairo City markets. All samples also
contained different amounts of DDT derivatives in range from 0.004 to
2.24 mg/kg. Sixty five percent of the tested samples contained residue
values above the MRL. The highest residue values were from 2 to 44.8
times higher than the permissible limit of 0.05 mg/kg. The highest amounts
of DDT (2.2 to 2.24 mglkg) residues were detected in two samples
obtained from Tukh and Cairo markets.
None of the 20 tested stored potato tubers samples contained any
detectable residues of the cyclodiens compounds (aldrin, dieldrin and
endrin).
Besides, twenty samples of new harvested potato tubers were
analyzed for pesticide residues. Results showed that all samples contained
different amounts of lindane in range from 0.001 to 0.1 mg/kg within the
permitted limit. Eighty five percent of the tested samples contained a and
J3-HCH in range from 0.001 to 0.006 mg/kg lower than the MRL. DDT
derivatives were found in 70 % of the new harvested potato samples.
Amounts were in range from 0.001 to 0.04 mg/kg below the MRL. None of
the samples contain residues of aldrin, dieldrin and endrin.
Results of the organophosphorus insecticide residues revealed that
pirimiphos-methyl was found only in 40 % and 10 % of stored and new
harvested potato samples, respectively. The pirimiphos-methyl residues
were from 0.01 - 0.1 mglkg. The amounts of residues ofpirimiphos-methyl
were in all cases lower than the permitted limits. Malathion was detected in
80 % and 35 % of the stored and new harvested potato tuber samples,
respectively. The residue levels ranged from 0.002 to 2.4 rug/kg. Two
samples of stored potato tubers are above the permissible limit of 0.5
mglkg. The highest residue level of2.4 mg/kg was detected in one stored
potato sample obtained from Cairo City markets. The other tested samples
of stored and new harvested potato tubers contained residue values below
the permitted limits.