الفهرس 
AcknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Anesthesia awareness, also known as unintended intraoperative awareness,
is the explicit recall of sensory perceptions during general anesthesia. Although it
is rare, its incidence may approach 1% in patients at high risk. (1) It has been
reported in children and can lead to anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder.
BIS is a processed EEG that is widely accepted and used to assess
neurological function and depth of anesthesia, it is one of the measures used to
prevent awareness by measuring level of consciousness intra-operatively.
Midazolam is a short-acting drug in the benzodiazepine class that is used for
inducing sedation and amnesia before medical procedures (6). Midazolam has a fast
recovery time and is the most commonly used benzodiazepine as a premedication
for sedation.
This study was designed to test the hypotheses that, the use of certain
sedative agent as midazolam can affect the BIS values in infants and older
children. We enrolled 80 pediatric patients divided into two equal groups each
included 40 patients, group A did not receive midazolam as a premedication, group
B received midazolam, we compared both groups as regards BIS values ( measured
before induction, after induction and every ten minutes), inspiratory volume,
expiratory volume, respiratory rate, end tidal CO2 and oxygen saturation.
Our study showed that Comparing both patient groups as regards BIS values
showed significant difference between both groups in the pre-induction period with
lower BIS values in group B that received midazolam as a premedication but after
that there were no statistically significant difference. During the first 30 minutes
the values of end tidal CO2 is significantly higher in group A than in group B.
Otherwise No statistically significant difference between both groups as regards
the values of the end tidal CO2. Statistically significant difference between both
Summary
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groups as regards the values of the Respiratory rate during the third and the fourth
ten minutes of the operation otherwise no significant difference between both
groups. No significant difference between both groups as regards inspiratory tidal
volume, expiratory tidal volume and oxygen saturation