الفهرس 
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Abstract
12hrs light and 12hrs dark, 8hrs light and 16 hrs dark). In
the mean time, in vitro plantlets treated with growth
retardants at the rate of 1.0 mg/L or with different rooting
state (rooted or unrooted plantlets) were subjected to gamma
rays irradiation with different doses (0,,2,3 and 4 Krad).
The treated in vitro plantlets were taken away from
the jars and the basal portion of the plantlets were cleaned
carefully to get rid of medium residues. The basal part of the
plantlets were dipped in antifungal solution (Benlate) and
prepared for planting in vivo experiments. Different
agricultural media (vermiculite, prelite, peat -moss, sand,
loam) were used either alone or in a mixtures were
formulated and moistened without any water surplus to
avoid decay of the plantlets roots. Moreover, auxin types
(NAA and lBA) with different concentrations (0, 1000,
2000 and 3000 ppm) were studied. In addition, plantlets
with different lengths (4, 6 and 8 ern), plantlets density (I,
2, 3 plants/pot), rooting state (unrooted, with root primordia
and rooted plantlets) were included in this study. Moreover,
colloidal compounds (Barbary and Driwater) were evaluated
as additives to the agricultural medium.
The obtained results can be summarized as follow:
6-1: III vitro acclimatization.
1- Duplication of some mircronutrients was superior in all
parameters of growth i.e. (callus, necrosis, plantlets
length, shoot thickness, No. of shoots, No. of Leaves,
greening and rooting) while halfmicronutrients strength
maximized only rooting.
2- Coumarin surpassed Paclobutrazol in all parameters
under study t.e. necrosis, plantlets length, shoot
thickness, number of shoots, number ofleaves, greening
and rooting.
3- Coumarin concentrations, specially higher ones, had the
best effect, increasing shoot thickness and rooting.
4- Low light intensity (1000 Lux) proved to be the most
inductive one for the normal formation of leaves and
roots.
5- Long day photoperiod treatment (16 hours light/8 hours
dark) increased shoot thickness and greening, but
continuous and intermittent light behaved differently for
the aforementioned parameters. However, short day
photoperiod treatment (8 hours Iight/l 6 hours dark) was
superior for rooting and shoot length.
6- High irradiation doses had an adverse effect on the most
growth parameters under study. However, lower doses
had less harmful efefct.
7- The combination of (coumarin) with irradiation
maximized most growth and rooting parameters, which
in turn maximized survival percentage.
8- Irradiation of shoots with root primordia encouraged
rooting and growth parameters.
9- Finger print procedures (SDS-PADGE) reflected
occurrence great variabilities in the concentration of the
1110st protein patterns caused by all doses used of
irradiation (0, 2, 3 and 4 Krad.) and appearance of new
protein. This means that genetical changes occurred in
the irradiated acclimatized plants.
6-2: III vivo acclimatization.
1- Application of a combination of agricultural media
consisted 33.3% sand + 33.3% peat moss + 33.3%
vermiculite induced the highest percentage of survival,
plantlets length, shoot thickness and greening. While, the
combination of 20% sand + 20% peat moss+ 20%
vermiculite + 20% perlite + 20% loam and 25% sand +
25lYu peat moss I 25«il’j perlite I 25% loam were superior
for number of leaves.
2- Dipping of the basal portion of plantlets in 3000 ppm
level of auxin profoundly increased all parameters under
investigation i.e. shoot thickness, number of leaves and
rooting. While, the lower level (1000 ppm) reduced
necrosis.
3- Planting of the longer plantlets (8 em) reduced necrosis,
while increased all other measured parameters i.e.
plantlets length, shoot thickness, number of leaves,
greening and percentage of survival.
4- Low plant density (I plantlet/pot) reduced necrosis,
while increased plantlets length, shoot thickness,
number of leaves, greening and rooting, followed by (2
plants/pot) as compared with 3 plants/pot.
5- Plantlets with root primordia were superior in most
measured parameters i.e. plant length, shoot thickness,
greening and rooting. However, rooted plantlets
increased number of leaves and enhanced time of the lSI
leaf emergence but unrooted plants reduced necrosis.
6- Barbary plant colloidal compound as additive to the
agricultural medium succeeded in increasing plant
length, greening, number of nodes and survival
percentage. However, Ori water additive increased shoot
thickness and time of the Isl leaf emergence parameters.