الفهرس 
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Abstract
Hand gestures enable deaf people to communicate during their daily lives rather than by speaking. A sign language is a language which uses visually transmitted gesture signs. This language combines hand shapes, orientation and movement of the hands simultaneously. Also used arms, lip-patterns, body movements and facial expressions to express the speaker’s thoughts. Recently, recognizing and documenting Arabic sign language have got a great attention. There have been few attempts to develop recognition systems to allow deaf people to interact with the rest of society.
The proposed system introduces an automatic Arabic Sign Language (ArSL) recognition system based on the Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). A large set of samples has been used to recognize 20 isolated words from the Standard Arabic sign language. The proposed system is signer-independent. Experiments are conducted using real ArSL videos taken for deaf people in different clothes and with different skin colors. The proposed system achieves an overall recognition rate 91.39%.
Keywords- Hand Gesture, Hand Tracking; Arabic Sign Language (ArSL);