الفهرس 
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Abstract
Eighty seven samples [8 Buffy coat, 15 saliva, 31 nasal swabs, 4 Tongue epithelium, 16 buccal swabs, 3 oropharyngeal fluid (O.P.F) and 10 swabs] were collected from suspected cows and buffaloes from different Egyptian governorates [Alexandria – Dokahlia, Gharbia, Mounofya, Kalubia, Cairo, Suez, Ismailia, Al Fayoum and El Menia]. Isolation in BHK21 cell revealed that 16 samples showed CPE. . The 16 isolates were characterized by antigen detection ELISA. The 16 isolates were pooled as five groups and Identified by real Time RT PCR.
Multiplex Reverse transcription polymerase chain Reaction (RT- PCR) was done using universal primer (1F, 1R) and serotype specific primers for serotype O (OMEL2, KH61) and serotype A (EG 154F, NK61). Five samples out of eleven were positive for serotype O, six samples out of eleven were positive for serotype A, eleven samples out of Eleven were positive for universal primer the RT-PCR products were subjected to direct nucleotide sequencing, Blast searches, multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis of VP1 nucleotide sequence.
The phylogenetic tree for serotype O revealed that local FMDV detected in examined samples were related to O/Iran/2010, O/Israel -07-6387, D/Pak-40-2006, O1-Sharquia EGY-72 and EG-101-2009 and for serotype A revealed that rebated to A/Iran/2005/A/Jor/4/2006 and A/Eth/1/94.
Serum neutralization Test and Liquid phase bloking Elisa were done for detection of FMDV serotypes O and A antibodies on 471serum samples from four governovates [Behaira, El-Sharquia, Kafr El-Sheikh and El-Menia]. PrioCHEKIT -FMD-ELISA was used for detection of non-structural protein against FMDV in the same 4 Egyptian governorates.