الفهرس 
CoverOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Geographic Information System (GIS) became much more than a mapping tool. It became a mainstream within the enterprise and organizations serving their geographical data on the networks. GIS involves the use of more complex explorations, analysis and visualizations of the earth we are living on its surface. Today, it is used in many military and commercial applications.
GIS data is one of the most important GIS components. It is very expensive and sometimes contains confidential information. Protecting the GIS data is a very critical task especially when this data is related to military and confidential applications.
In this research, we propose the building of a framework to protect the GIS data from being copied or accessed by unauthorized users. The proposed framework combines symmetric cipher, asymmetric cipher and digital watermarking to achieve its goal. Using this framework, the GIS data is encrypted using symmetric cipher and distributed to many servers. Only authorized users are able to access this data and see the information inside it. The symmetric cipher key is exchanged between the authorized users’ desktops and the servers containing the encrypted GIS data using asymmetric cipher and digital watermarking.
The effectiveness and advantages of the proposed framework are objectively evaluated using two data sets of Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) shapefile format. The effect of using cryptography and digital watermarking on the time required to display the shapefiles is studied. We also study all types of failures that can occur and introduces solutions for them.
At the end, we show that the proposed framework can be the basis for building many GIS applications by applying it to the Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) application.