الفهرس 
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Abstract
A total of 200 swabs were obtained from the side surfaces of carcass (cow and buffalo),wooden bulk, butcher hands, walls and knives. The collected swabs were examined microbiologically. The results revealed that:
5.1. Total bacterial count :
The mean values of total bacterial count of examined samples represented by cow meat, buffalo meat, wooden bulk, butcher’shands, wall and knives were 2.31×106 ± 3.76×105, 1.94×106 ± 3.04×105, 2.60×106 ± 3.16×106 , 3.94×105 ± 1.04×105, 1.61×106 ± 1.06×105and 1.24×106 ± 4.0×105 a cfu/cm2,respectively .
The result of examined samples showed the highest total bacterial count (cfu/cm2) in knives, wooden bulk and butcher hands which indicate bad sanitization of butcher shops and equipment.
5.2. Total Enterobacteriaceae count:
The mean values of total Enterobacteriaceae count of examined samples represented by cow meat, buffalo meat, wooden bulk , butcher’shands, wall and knives were 3.30×104 ± 6.45×103, 2.81×104 ± 5.37×103 ,6.31×105 ± 5.76×105,5.94×105 ± 2.04×104 ,1.21×106 ± 2.56×105 and 4.94×104 ± 2.04×104cfu/cm2respectively.
The results of examined samples show the highest total Enterobacteriaceae count (cfu/cm2) in wooden bulk, wall and knives which indicate bad sanitization of butcher’s shops and equipment.
5.3. Total Coliforms count:
The mean values of total Coliform counts(MPN/cm2) of examined samples cowmeat, buffalo meat, wooden bulk , butcher’shands, wall and knives were 6.00×103 ± 8.34×102, 5.69×103 ± 7.05×102, 1.70×102 ± 1.06×102,4.14×102 ± 1.04×102,5.1×10 ± 3.6×10 and 7.0×10 ± 2.6×10 MPN/cm2,respectively
The results of examined samples show the highest total Coliform count (MPN/cm2) meat samples and butcher’shands.
5.4. Total Enterococcal count:
The mean values of total Enterococci count (cfu/cm2) of examined samples of cow meat, buffalo meat, wooden bulk , butcher‘s hands, wall and knives were 2.94×104 ± 1.39×104, 9.37×103 ± 1.35×103,3.1×10 ± 1.6×10, 1.94×106 ± 3.04×105 , 2.31×106 ± 3.76×105 and 5.04×104 ± 2.4×104cfu/cm2,respectively.
The results of examined samples showed the highest total Enterococci count (cfu/cm2) wall,butcher’s hands and knives which indicate bad sanitization of the butcher shops.
5.5 Total Staphylococcal count:
The mean values of total Staphylococcus count (cfu/cm2) of examined samples cow meat, buffalo meat, wooden bulk , butcher’s hands ,wall and knives were 1.68×104 ± 3.92×103, 8.54×103 ± 1.12×103,4.31×103 ± 2.71×103, 1.4×106 ± 4.04×105, 2.21×106 ± 3.76×105 and 1.74×106 ± 3.03×105cfu/cm2,respectively.
The results of examined samples showed the highest total Staphylococcal count (cfu/cm2) in wall, butcher’s hands and knives which indicate bad public health.
5.6. Total Mould count :
The mean values of total mould count (cfu/cm2) of examined samples cow meat, buffalo meat, wooden bulk , butcher’shands, wall and knives were1.22×104 ± 2.07×103, 1.40×104 ± 3.97×103,2.31×106 ± 3.76×105, 2.04×10 ± 0.64×10 , 1.61×106 ± 2.56×105 and 0.94×10 ± 0.14×10cfu/cm2,respectively.
The result of examined samples show the highest total mouldcount (cfu/cm2) wooden bulk and wall which indicate bad sanitization of butchershop and equipment.
5.7. Total Yeast count :
The mean values of total yeast count (cfu/cm2) shows the mean ±SEM examined samples of (cow meat, buffalo meat, wooden bulk , butcher’shands, wall and knives ) 2.85×103 ± 3.99×102, 2.14×103 ± 1.43×102,1.31×106 ± 2.76×105, 1.04×10 ± 0.74×10 , 2.21×106 ± 3.66×105 and 1.04×102 ± 2.04×10 cfu/cm2,respectively.
The result of examined samples show the highest total yeast count (cfu/cm2) wooden bulk and wall which indicate bad sanitization of butcher shops and equipment
The hygienic significance of surface contamination as well as the recommended measures to lower this contamination was discussed.