الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITERATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Two Egyptian brown and milled rice varieties, i.e., Giza 175 (high amylose) and Giza 181 (low amylose), pre-germinated brown rice and bread making from rice low amylose were used. All samples of the rice used were evaluated by the determination of chemical composition of raw materials and products, also their biological effects on diabetic rats were evaluated compared with normal rats.
The obtained results indicated that the variety Giza 175 was higher than Giza 181 in amylose content .Milled rice low or high amylose had the highest value of carbohydrates compared with brown rice.The levels of proteins, fiber and some minerals such as Zn, Fe, Ca. Mg, Cu and Mn were increased by increasing pre-germination time compared with brown rice before pre-germination process.White rice had no γ-oryzanol and total phenol content was significantly lower than brown rice.Total phenol content was decreased with prolonged pre-germination but γ-oryzanol was not affected. Phytic acid content was higher in brown rice than that of white rice. Phytic acid content was decreased with prolonged pre-germination, cooking and baking. The high amylose level caused rice to absorb more water and increased cooking time compared with low amylose. Water uptake ratio and cooking time were decreased significantly in white rice and with prolonged pre-germination compared with brown rice.Feeding with white rice low amylose caused slight increase in body weights compared with other treatments. Diabetic rats showed a significant increase in liver and kidney with decreased in body weight compared with all other rat groups.Feeding with rice high amylose (brown and white) caused significantly decrease in serum glucose.Total cholesterol content significantly decreased in rats fed on cooked brown rice (low and high amylose) ,cooked pre-germinated brown rice and rice bread, while HDL-C level was significantly increased in rats fed on brown rice (low and high amylose) and cooked pre-germinated brown rice.Urea and creatinine levels were significantly increased in diabetic rats (control2), Also group which fed on white rice low amylose caused a significant increase in urea. Liver function tests were significantly increased in diabetic rats and groups which fed on white rice low amylose, while others treatments slightly improved liver function.
Key words: Pre-germinated brown rice, γ-oryzanol , total phenol , diabetic ,
total cholesterol