الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Conditioning the soils means improving their physical and chemical properties by the use of natural or synthetic substances.The current work is carried out to investigate
the possibility of using so11 conditioners and their
role in developing better physical and chemical properties
of sandy soila. AlsO, to compare the effect of
soil conditioners on the properties of sandy Boll with
those brought about due to the addition of shales and
natural organio compounas.
A sandy 8011 from an area adjacent to the western
side of Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road (at the kilometer.
25 from Cairo), was-investigated.
A green house experiment with peanut a8 indicator
plant was conduoted to study the effect of curaeol AI,
planterra, superhumas, polyvinyl alcohol, polyaorylamide,
bentonite and shales on seed germination. Of
these r~terials, curseol AB, planterra, shale., f~--
yard tnQDure and gTben manure (Egyptian cyspan and
alfalfa) were 1nve.tigated in a field experiment.
Results obtained can be summarized .a follo.as
I. PreliminarY green house:
Seed germination:
Conditioners used tended to delay germination and
decrease its percentage as compared to the untreated
sandy soil. HyDROPhobic oonditioner, (curasol AE) did
not materially del$Y the germination process, 8S the
number of germinated seeds were similar to those of the
control treatment after three weeks of germina’tion.
HyDROPhilio soil condItioners (PAM, PYA and shales)
beside decreasing germination percentage, aleo increased
the time needed for germination especially when
applied at the hip.h conoentration. Delaying eermination
and/or decreasing the germination peroentage seems
to be related to the hyDROPhobicity or hyDROPh11ioit7
of the added soil conditioner.
II. Field experiment
A. Physical properties:
(1) Treating the sandy so11 with the. oonditioners or
cultivating it with Egyptian cyspan and/or alfalfa,
d3creased the values of bulk density in the so11
eepec1ally at the surface layers, and consequently
the void ratio and total porosity were inoreased.
(2) The effect of conditioners on the fOrmation of
stable aggregates could be arranged in the following decreasing order: cura.ol ~:>shales).
planterra> tarrqard manure. Increasing stable
agare&at •• of 84~. in diameter decreased erosioD
index due to the incresse of non-erodiable olod.
forlDatio~.
() Maximumwater holding capacity of ihe so11 retention
(1.e. at Pp.o) was increased with the application
ot .011 conditioners and with cultivation.
This 1ncl ••se was ~ore pronounoed with increas1ns
th, rate of applied materials.
(4) Th. apPtloatloD of ourssol AE (hyd:Ophoblc) at
the tllghelt rate (lJ) reduoed the ,.mount at available
water. Tn- rever •• was tr~. in bOth oa.’.of hyDROPh1110
material’ and oultivation.
’.5) Values of the b.YClfaul1c oonductivity and the Int1l-
’trat1on rate ot 8C4y sot18 conditioned. with curaeol
1IJI el.nowed an 1nol’••••• wh10h l’OI3 be due to the ~rmatlon
of lara-&~’aat •• (4-8 .m. in diameter).
On the other hand, planterra, ,hal ••• tarDITard and
green manure d.or •••• d the hydrauli0 oODauot1vit7
and infil tl’at1on rate .•allotesa whioh .., be due to
bloo~1ng of the wide pore. between sand particle.
through lrr1sat1on and/or bl bind1na .~••ral
grains .formiDi aaareaat •• owing to the pre •• noe ot
tine tr.,ot10111 ud Oll gaIli0 .””er.
11’ B. Chemioal properties:
(1) Addition of curasol AE to the sandy soil increased
slightly its content ot soluble salts. SUch
increase may be resulted from improving the water
relations of the sandy soil which lead” to a better chance for water retention and consequently
higher rate of salt accumulation especiall,. if the
irrigation water was of high salt content.. Planting
sandy soil with alfalfa or Egyptian cyspan,
slightly decreased the soil content of TSS in both
surface and subsurface layers, which tllay be attributed
to the reduced evaporation rate.
(2) SOil organic matter content «as slightly increased
as a result of adding 80il conditioners espeoially when high conc8D~rations were used.
(J) CEO of sandy soil tended to inorease alightly, with
the addition ot conditioners and by planting alfalfa
or Eg,yptian cyspan. The applioation of eht.&les
and faI’myard Ql8Ilure increased the solI CEO by factor of about 5~ and 40.” respect1ve17. !he
addition ot soil conditioners to sandy 8011 O~
planting 1t w1th alfalfa 01” I&yptlan 01.pan, Sl’&-
dually improved their content. of I,P an4 X.
Prom the o_vious studied one can concluded that
hyDROPh!lic conditioners considered more effective
than the hyDROPhobic condi~ioners in reclam1ng sandy 8011s.