الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
passive smoking is the involuntary inhalation of smoke from tobacco products.It occurs when tobacco smoke pollute the surrounding environment.Tobacco smoke contains over 4.000 chemicals in the form of particles and gases.Passive smoking had adestructive effect on the periodontal status reflected by the high incidence of clinical attachment and alveolar bone loss in adult.Tooth investing structure is adynamic and functional system consists of tissues that hold and support teeth in jaws.Panoramic imaging is considered a one of the digital images.It’s atechnique for producing asingle tomographic images for the facial structures that includes both the bony dental arches and their supporting structures. This technique in dentistry is growing rapidly and now becomes more available and frequently used not only for giving us numerous amount of information about the jaw but delivers only small dose of radiation to the patient.