الفهرس 
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Abstract
In a context of globalization, economic Liberalisation, restructuring and
establishment of an open market, many Egyptian cities are experiencing
significant difficulties in maintaining their competitiveness. Many are losing
employment and industry at an alarming rate and this has significant social
and environmental implications.
During the early 1990s, Egypt embraced a regional approach to trade and
investment liberalisation alongside their unilateral and multilateral efforts. In
order to reach an effective growth, the GOE through the GOPP started a
regional strategic master plan for all Egyptian cities to identify problems,
potential and constrains defining new vision and objectives, taking into
consideration the threat of cross competiveness, enhancing identity and
viability of economic base sufficient to provide the anticipated
comprehensive development (urban, socio-economic) for the country.
This approach is adopted in parallel with an ambitious program for
decentralization, providing local authorities with required capacity building,
resources and framework in order to provide an efficient and flexible
management for cities resources for a better future.
In this era of globalization, a changing world, Heritage resources are subject
to the negative impacts of economic developments that often fail to take into
consideration the tangible and intangible benefits that can be accrued from
mobilizing cultural resources as assets for both economic and human
development. This justifies the increasing political focus on cultural heritage,
both because of higher public interest in heritage itself and because many see
heritage as a means to stimulate economic activity in regions with economic
problems. Nevertheless, social needs related to heritage use cannot be fully
satisfied, through market processes only, they must be provided for by
complementing the market with state intervention through budget
mechanisms. This is why governments have the lead role in making various
CH public goods accessible to their citizens and to humanity at large, in both
present and future generations.
Vi
Egypt’s is now facing a commitment challenge for the successful
achievement of the Millennium Development Goals, records of the MDGs
reports shows a slow progress in two main development goals concerning
eradicating extreme poverty and hanger as well as achieving full and
productive employment, the second is insuring Enviromental sustainability
and achieving a significant improvement in the lives of slum dwellers.
Progress in these two goals can be achieved through an innovative urban
management process especially in heritage cities in Egypt, where
preservation is a still a concern along with targeted socio-economic
development.
Luxor city. The seat of the pharaoh’s power from 2100 to 75 B.C., a principal
resource within Egypt’s tourism industry. At the beginning of 2004 the
Egyptian Government launched the execution of a comprehensive
development plan for Luxor city (CLLC) financed by national government
expenditure and international funds, most of these projects where directed
toward the goals of tourism development.
Unfortunately the market forces were more influential than expected; land
prices jumped to five times its original values and some times more in some
developed areas and investments went to the lucky owners of those areas
leaving behind the original targeted beneficiaries with worse conditions and
greater reasons to live and work informally leading to a clear un-equitable
Socio-Economic Development.
This research will focus on the current challenges facing Egypt’s
achievements through the MDGs and the comprehensive development plan
for Luxor city as an example of heritage cities to examine the possible socieconomic
values that can be achieved through a conscious and participatory
approach for comprehensive development for heritage cities; illustrating
different ways of financing via planning system that would support the
sufficient institutional framework for Public and Private, Community
Partnership (PPCP) in order to reach the aspiration of the strategic plan
targeting the year 2027.
Application of Value Capture scheme will be chosen explaining the reason
behind having it as the most appropriate development tool that would provide
the required equitable balance within the market-driven policy. VC system
and equitable development would be further illustrated providing
international case studies with a conclusion for the comprehensive framework
for an equitable development. The success of the proposed framework in
Luxor city will be based on the achievement of a local self-dependant
progress within two millennium development goals:
vii
1- GOAL 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty & Hunger
1.1. Target 1: Halve between 1990 and 2015 the proportion
of people whose income is less than one dollar a day.
Achieve full and productive employment and decent work
for all, including women and young people.
2- GOAL 7: Insuring Enviromental Sustainability.
1.2. Target 11: By 2020, to have achieved a significant
improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum
dwellers.
Key words:
Comprehensive Development, Value Capture, Public-Private Partnership,
financing urban development, urban management.