الفهرس 
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Abstract
Incorporation of alternative feed ingredients in poultry diets
has become a popular strategy to counteract the rising prices of
traditional ingredients. Distillers dried grins with solubles (DDGS),
the corn eo-product of ethanol industry, becomes one of the
common alternative ingredients. Although DDGS may be seen as a
cost competitive alternative ingredient, there are concerns regarding
its use in poultry diets such as: 1) Overall nutrient variability and
lowered amino acid digestibility. Therefore, it would be beneficial
to identify feed additives that could improve DDGS utilization in
poultry diets. Phytogenics have recently got considerable attentions
as feed additives due to their stimulant effects on growth
performance and nutrient utilization. 2) Unbalanced electrolytes;
alternative feed ingredients (DDGS and canola meal) contains high
level of dietary anions (chloride and sulfur), and low level of dietary
cations (potassium) which lower the dietary electrolyte balance and
induce acidosis that could depress the bird performance, increase
litter moisture and/or induce leg problems. However, phytase
enzyme was found to be capable of increasing sodium utilization in
the gut. Therefore, phytase supplementation to diets containing
DDGS, canola meal, and/or supplemental chloride could ameliorate
the acidic shift that occurs in the dietary electrolyte balance. The
present work was conducted in three experiments as following:
Experiment 1
This experiment was conducted at the Poultry Research Unit,
Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt to