الفهرس 
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Abstract
The main analgesic antipyretic medications used in children are paracetamol and ibuprofen. They are the safest and most effective drugs to use for children. Use of these medications is particularly widespread for the treatment of mild pain or fever in children. br Paracetamol was discovered over 100 years ago and came into routine over-the-counter use approximately 40 years ago. Its popularity increased significantly in the 1980s when aspirin went out of favor due to its association with Reye’s syndrome. Paracetamol is now the most widely used over-the-counter analgesic for children and is approved for use -#102;-#114;-#111;-#109; one month of age. It is available over-the-counter in multiple pediatric dosage forms including liquids, chewable tablets and suppositories. br Although paracetamol is available for administration via the oral, rectal and intravenous routes, the oral route is preferred. The oral bioavailability of paracetamol is approximately 90%. Its onset of action is approximately 30 minutes and duration of action is four hours. br Paracetamol is effective for minor musculoskeletal pain, headaches including migraine, pain associated with infections such as otitis media and pharyngitis, and for postoperative pain after minor procedures such as adenotonsillectomies and insertion of ventilation tubes. It is not the most appropriate choice for pain that is associated with a significant inflammatory process, such as juvenile arthritis, when NSAID is more suitable. br Ibuprofen is the most widely used NSAID for children as it has been freely available over-the-counter since 1998. It works by inhibiting COX and thus limiting the production of numerous prostaglandins involved in the inflammatory response. br Ibuprofen-related adverse effects that occur in children are the same as those that occur in adults, but they seem to occur less often. These include increased gastrointestinal bleeding, reduced renal blood flow, reduced platelet function and bronchospasm in susceptible individuals. br The objective of the work in this thesis is to formulate and evaluate chewable tablets for children of some analgesic and antipyretic drugs. Paracetamol and ibuprofen were selected as analgesic and antipyretic drugs. Also, the stability and bioavailability of the prepared chewable tablets were studied. br Thus the work in this thesis was divided into four parts: br Part I: Compatibility study of paracetamol and ibuprofen with commonly used excipients in chewable tablets. br Part II: Formulation and evaluation of paracetamol chewable tablets and ibuprofen chewable tablets. br Chapter I: Formulation of paracetamol chewable tablets and ibuprofen chewable tablets. br Chapter II: Improvement of the bitter taste of paracetamol chewable tablets and ibuprofen chewable tablets. br Part III: In-Vitro dissolution and stability study of paracetamol chewable tablets and ibuprofen chewable tablets. br Part IV: Bioequivalence study of the selected paracetamol chewable tablets and ibuprofen chewable tablets.