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Abstract In this study 393 nasal and lung samples were collected from apparently healthy, pneumonic and pneumoenteric buffalo calves and revealed that 69.7% were bacteriologically positive. Atotal of 38 apparently healthy buffalo calves were examined bacteriologicaly and revealed the isolation of (P.multocida (27.27%), Ecoli (25%),Koxytoca (15.9%), Spyogenes (1/.36%) and E.faecium (9%). As regards to 166 pneumonic buffalo calves were (P.multocida (19.23%), Spyogenes ’ (12%),K.pneumoniae (13.5%), P.aeruginosa (12%), A.pyogenes (10%), Spneumoniae (5.7%), Ecoli (6.25%) and Siaureus (10%.)). On other hand 70 pneumoenteric buffalo calves (Ecoli (36. 14%}, P multocida(26. 5%), A.pyogenes (12.1 %), AI haemolytica(7. 2%}, P mirabilis (6%), and K oxytoca (2.4%).The serological typing of 54 isolates of E. coli (45 isolates could be identified serologically and revealed the following serogroups: 026:B6 (16.66%), O1l1:B4 (22. 22%}, 055:B5 (24.1%) and 0126:B16 (20.37%). Out of 62 isolates of P.multocida, 47 isolates proved to be typed 11 Roberts (75.8%), 9 isolates typed IV (14.5%), and 6 were typed V Roberts (9.6%). Also virulence and pathogenicity of P. multocida in mice was reported. Mycotic infection were recorded in 110 nasal swabs from pneumonic buffalo calves including (A.flavus (18.5%), A.niger (22.22%), A.terreus (14.8%), A.fumigates(1.85%), Fusarium spp. (5. 55%}, Cladosporium spp(1.85%), Mucor spp.G. 7), Penicillium spp.(1.85%), Rhodotorula spp.(7.4%), Altemaria- alternate (3.7%). Cialbicans (18.5%). According to antibiotic susceptibility test results, enrofloxacin,ciprofloxacin, Amoxycillin, gentamicin, tobramycin were the most effective against bacteria cause pneumonia. Detection of P.multocida by PCR was found to be significantly |