الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study paid an attention for the diagnosis and treatment of different limb disorders affecting sport horses using modern modalities.
The examined cases belonged to police stations in Cairo (thirty seven); Mansoria stables Giza (eighty nine), race stables Helioplis- Cairo (fifty six) equestrian section in sport clubs (thirty six). All together with the horses came to Fox-Run-Equine Center, Pennsylvania, United State of America (one hundred and one).
Clinical examination and local analgesia were applied as first step of diagnosis and revealed one hundred seventy six recent or acute cases and one hundred forty four old or chronic cases.
Diagnosis confirmation occurred by modern modalities images. Modern modalities used for diagnosis in the current study were ultrasonography (sixty six acute and forty four chronic cases),radiography(one hundred thirty eight acute cases and one hundred and ten chronic cases) and nuclear scintiography( seventy one acute cases and thirty four chronic cases).
Diagnosed limb disorders were twenty acute laminitis and eight chronic laminitis, fracture of P3 seven acute and six chronic, navicular syndrome sixteen acute and sixteen chronic, navicular fracture only three acute cases, ring bone seven acute and five chronic, fetlock osteoarthritis sixteen acute and twenty five chronic, suspensory desmitis fourteen acute and seven chronic, tendonitis seventeen acute cases and ten chronic cases, stress fracture only four acute cases ,muscle injuries seven acute and four chronic, carpitis ten acute and three chronic, spavin seventeen acute and twenty five chronic, stifle disorder nineteen acute and twelve chronic ,shoulder disorder three acute and four chronic, pelvic disorder eighteen acute and seventeen chronic cases.
Digital radiography was mainly used to detect the anatomical bony changes because it is specific modality and was considered the most applied modern modality for limb disorder in this study, it’s highest significance results shown in acute cases of navicular fracture and acute ring bone and more important in chronic cases of laminitis, naviculr syndrome, ring bone, fetlock osteoarthritis, spavin and stifle disorder.
Ultrasonography was the most significance modality for diagnosis of limb disorder suspected clinically with soft tissue problem (suspensory desmitis, tendonitis and muscle injuries).
Nuclear scintiography was used to detect the metabolic and physiologic changes in the recent acute confused cases that usually gave no significant results with the other modalities because it is sensitive modality, it used also to diagnose high thick area of the body which difficult to be diagnosed with the other modality. Good sedation and certain precaution were applied to the horse then scanning to all of his body.
Nuclear scan images coming through three phases: vascular phase, soft tissue phase and bone phase. During the vascular phase important information was obtained about the hoof circulation of the chronic laminitis cases help for evaluation of the prognosis of these cases. During soft tissue phase, an important information for quick diagnosis of sub clinical cases of laminitis before the rotation of the P3 which help for fast induction of the treatment and favorable response and recovery for these cases, moreover all the recent sot tissue cases. During bone phase cases of challenge like line stress fracture, pelvic disorder and shoulder disorder were diagnosed Nuclear scintiography gave highly significant diagnostic image result with the acute cases and less significant result with chronic cases which had less active lesion.
Three hundreds and twenty diagnosed limb disorders in relation to their sport type were hundred and two show jumper, sixty nine polo cases, eighty eight race cases and sixty one endurance cases.
Show jumping sport type in relation to their most important limb disorder in acute form were 82.4% of stifle disorder cases,81.3% of navicular syndrome cases,76.5% of spavin cases,60% of ring bone cases,57.1%of P3 fracture cases and55.6% of pelvic disorder cases. Concerning polo horses were 62.5% of fetlock osteoarthritis cases and 66.7% of navicular fracture cases. All cases diagnosed as shoulder lameness or stress fractures in the current study were race horses, while 60% of carpal disorder cases were also race horses. Endurance horses had 57.1% of cases diagnosed as muscle injuries while 31.3% of cases had fetlock osteoarthritis were endurance horses.
Treatment with medication like anti-inflammatory in most of acute cases hyaluronate sodium infiltration and/or polysulfated glucosaminoglycans in articular osteoarthritis and shoe correction in laminitis and navicular cases.
Extracorporial shock wave treatment ESWT was applied in all cases except laminitis cases with at least one degree of lameness improved. The most important recovery result with stress fracture(75%) suspensory desmitis(95.2%),tendonitis(87%) navicular syndrome(76%) ,sacroiliac joint(83.3%) , P3 fracture(66.7%) and stifle disorder(73.3%).