الفهرس 
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Abstract
Introduction: the results of the studies performed to study the effect of exposure to organic solvents on kidney in workers occupationally exposed to organic solvents over the last twenty years are contradictory. Subjects and methods: we studied the effect of occupational exposure to organic solvents on renal functions using both routine renal functions namely; serum urea, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate and early renal urinary biomarkers namely; N acetyl-B-D glucosaminidase and B2 microglobulin.
This is an analytical case control study conducted on 181 male worker in paint manufacturing factory exposed to organic solvents during their work and 186 control individual never exposed occupationally to organic solvents and engaged in administrative tasks in organization outside the factory. The results of the study revealed statistically significant difference between the Urinary –N-Acetyl glucosaminidase activity (NAG index) as well as B2microglobulin (P-value<0.001) in the workers that exposed to organic solvents and their matched controls. The proportion of exposed workers that have abnormal NAG activity (53.6%) is higher than that in their matched controls (29.6%) and represent about two fold increase in the activity with high statistically significant difference (p-value=0.000). Conclusion: results of this study point to a possibility of early renal effects, but not to a serious to influence on the routine kidney function tests at the current levels of occupational exposure to organic solvents. Recommendations: workers exposed to paints, glues, degreasing solvents, and cleaning solvents must be evaluated periodically for renal effects using Urinary NAG excretion and B2microglobulin as reliable markers of the tubulo-toxicity and non-invasive tests