الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is almost eradicated, it has reemerged as a serious public health problem .Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes around from 2.5 to 3 million deaths annually. About one-third of the human population worldwide are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It has been found that every second one new infection occurring and about 10 millions develop active disease each year. This large number of infected people means that TB will continue to be a major health problem in the future.
Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in Egypt as it is considered as the third after Bilharsiasis and Hepatitis C. In Egypt Tuberculosis control is carried out through 111 chest centers and 39 chest disease hospitals with 6351 hospital beds.
TB transmission is controlled through a hierarchy of measures, including administrative, environmental controls, and personal respiratory protection.
Tuberculosis control activities are integrated through the primary health care system. The health staff working in these chest dispensaries and clinics was not highly qualified so it was important that health care staff know and use recommended infection prevention practices to minimize their risk of accidental exposure. The use of universal precaution as well as protective barrier is highly recommended which are not only protect health –care staff from infection but also prevent the transmission of organisms between patients. By adhering to recommended infection prevention practices, especially hand hygiene and wearing gloves; paying attention to well-established process for decontamination and cleaning of soiled instruments and other items, followed by either sterilization or high-level disinfection ; and improving safety in high-risk areas where the most serious and frequent exposures to infectious.