الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In recent years, the world’s attention to the environment and its main elements from the soil, air and sea has been increased. Numerous researches and studies have been done and still to find methods to reduce pollutants resulting from various human activities, including transport activity. The ships are of the most important means of world transport (where the ships transport about 90% of the world trade).The statistics of 2007 have shown that ships contribute about 3.5% of the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions in the world (the carbon dioxide CO2 is one of greenhouse gases which are blamed for global warming). This percentage is expected to reach 30% by 2020 if no measures are taken to reduce these emissions. Also ships contribute about 7% of sulfur oxides SOx emissions and 12% of nitrogen oxides NOx emissions in the world in addition to the liquid and solid contaminants.
Therefore, the concept of Green ship oreco-fricndly ship, which aims to reduce emissions of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides by 90% and reduce emissions of carbon dioxide by 30%, has been developed. This report consists of five chapters. The first chapter (Introduction) introduces the concept of green ship and the various roads and themes to achieve the concept of green ship. The second chapter reviews the most important pollutants that come from ship and their negative effects on the environment. These pollutants includes the emissions of carbon dioxide CO2, sui fur oxides SOx and nitrogen oxides NOx. The different measures to reduce emissions and pollutants from the vessel are divided into two categories. The first category consists of the current proven measures which are already in place in the ship and presented in Chapter 3. These measures include: First, electronic control of fuel injection, wetting the combustion air or Water In Fuel oil (WIF), Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR), Selective Catalytic Reduction SCR in order’ to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides. Second, the use of fuel with low sulfur content and use of exhaust gas scrubbers. Third, use the turbocharger, reducing the speed of the ship, to use natural gas as fuel instead of diesel fuel, applying heat recovery system, the use of anti fouling paints, the use of diesel electrical or hybrid system, optimal design of the hull, the use of optimal propulsion systems, reducing the weight of the vessel to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide. The second category contains the emerging measures that are developed at the moment. These methods are reviewed in chapter 4 and include the use of fuel cells to generate electrical power on ships which operate by hydrogen fuel, the use of biofuels as an alternative to the diesel fuel, the use of renewable energy such as solar and wind energy to reduce the emission of the ship. Finally the main concluding remarks and recommendations of the study are presented in the fifth and final chapter.