الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The terms ”quality of life” ( QOL) and health related quality of life” defy simple definitions, QOL can be defined as an overall sense of well being, compared to health objective and subjective evaluations of physical, mental, social and emotional well-being together with personal development and purposeful activity. Sometimes they are associated with subjective well-being, happiness, satisfaction, goodness, and like (Banister, David, 2004). The extent of a person’s quality of life in the areas of being, belonging, and becoming and their sub-domains is determined by two factors: importance and enjoyment. Thus, QOL consists of the relative importance or meaning attached to each particular dimension and the extent of the person’s enjoyment with respect to each dimension. In this way quality of life is adapted to the lives of all humans, at any time, and from their individual perspectives (Carol A. Miller, 2008, CDC, 2011). The concept of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and its determinants have evolved since the 1980s to encompass those aspects of overall quality of life that can be clearly shown to affect health-either physical or mental (Kindig DA,2010, CDC,2011).
Overall health can be influenced by multiple factors, including a person’s psychological, behavioral, and social well-being. Studies have demonstrated an association between increased levels of social support and reduced risk for physical disease, mental illness, and mortality 9 .social supports includes real or perceived resources provided by others that enable a person to feel cared for, valued and being part of a network of communication and mutual obligation. Social support can be critical for those older adults who rely on family, friends, or organizations to
assist them with daily activities, provide companionship, and care for their well-being (Bernard J., 2007).