الفهرس 
ANEMIAOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia is the most frequent nutritional deficiency during pregnancy, with an impact on maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, maternal anemia has an influence on breast milk iron status. Subjects and Methods: 45 neonates delivered at the Gynecology and Obstetrics hospital, Ain Shams University. The study population consisted of 30 anemic pregnant women (hemoglobin < 11g/dL) and their newborn infants as well as 15 healthy non anemic pregnant women, (group C) (hemoglobin ≥ 11gm/dl) and their newborn infants as a control group. The anemic patient group included 17 mild anemic pregnant women (hemoglobin 8.6–10.9 g/dL), 12 moderate anemic pregnant women (hemoglobin 6.1-8.5g/dL) and 1 severe anemic pregnant woman (hemoglobin ≤ 6 g/dL).The anemic patient group was further classified into two groups, mild anemic group (group A) and moderate to severe anemic (group B). All the mothers and newborns included were subjected to detailed medical history, thorough clinical examination and laboratory investigations including complete blood count, serum iron, total iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation percentage, serum ferritin and Breast Milk analysis for iron content. Results: Concentration of hemoglobin, iron and ferritin were significantly reduced in the cord blood of anemic mothers and showed linear relationships with maternal hemoglobin and ferritin levels. whereas breast milk iron content was significantly reduced in severely anemic mothers but not in those with mild to moderate anemia. Breast milk iron level correlated with maternal hemoglobin and iron level but not with ferritin level. Also maternal anthropometric measures had significant correlation with indices of iron status in maternal and cord blood samples but showed no relationship with breast milk iron content. Finally maternal anemia, particularly severe one, adversely affects cord blood and breast milk iron status. Maternal nutritional status exerts a significant influence on fetal iron status but has little influence on breast milk iron content. Conclusion: The main source of iron for hemoglobin formation in the first few months of infant’s life is derived from fetal iron storage at birth, originally from the mother. Maternal storage iron is positively correlated with fetal iron. Maternal anthropometric measures had significant correlation with indices of iron status in maternal. Maternal anthropometric measures showed no relationship with breast milk iron content. Concentration of hemoglobin, iron and ferritin were significantly reduced in the cord blood of anemic mothers. There is a positive correlation between neonatal ferritin and maternal iron and ferritin. Maternal anemia, particularly severe one, adversely affects cord blood and breast milk iron status. Breast milk iron level correlated with maternal hemoglobin and iron level but not with ferritin level. Finally, breast milk iron content was significantly reduced in severely anemic mothers but not in those with mild to moderate anemia.