الفهرس 
ANATOMY OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEMOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Mechanical ventilators are devices that provide an artificial means of ventilatory support for the respiratory system, their introduction in the modern era has revolutionized the standard of respiratory intensive care medicine by integrating microprocessor-controlled flow rate and pressure waveform dynamics to optimize gas exchange for the critical care patient. (Michael J. et al, 2007).
That positive-pressure mechanical ventilation can save lives was proved during the poliomyelitis epidemics of the 1950, since that time there has been a growing increase in the use of ventilatory support, and it has been closely associated with the development of critical care medicine. ( Ibsen, 1952 ).
Mechanical ventilation can be lifesaving by maintaining gas exchange until the underlying disorders are corrected, but it is associated with numerous complications, which can significantly affect the outcome of critically ill patients, several advances in monitoring gas exchange ,neuromuscular capacity, respiratory mechanics, and patient effort during mechanical ventilation have occurred in recent years, monitoring these parameters is helpful in minimizing ventilator-induced complications, optimizing ventilator interaction, and determining a patients readiness for the discontinuation of mechanical ventilation .( tobin,1998).
To discus various techniques that are available to monitoring the respiratory function during mechanical ventilation emphasis on clinical observation and application in critically ill patient.