الفهرس 
?Embryology of the extrahepatic biliary systemOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
the work aim To review the literature about cholelithiasis in children concerning incidence, prevalence, aetiology, pathology, clinical presentation, investigation and treatment. Cholelithiasis is considered as an uncommon condition in children.
With increasing use of ultrasonography in children and infants, an
increasing number of cases with gallstone disease in younger population
are being reported.
The frequency of pediatric gallstones, documented in studies in
which patients were selected according to initial symptoms, resulted in
prevalence’s between 0.13% and 0.22%.
The majority of gall stones in children are believed to be idiopathic
and several series suggest that only 20% of gallstones are related to
hematological diseases.
The risk factors for the condition include total parenteral nutrition,
ileal resection and ileal disorders, cystic fibrosis, family history of gall
stones, biliary tract anomalies, and medications as (cyclosporine,
ceftriaxone).%.