الفهرس 
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Abstract
this study was carried out at the Allergy and Immunology Unit of Microbiology and Immunology Department, and the Chest Department; Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University during the period from September 2008 to March 2010.
This study included 70 subjects that were divided into two groups.
*Group I (Patient group) : 50 asthmatic patients divided into:
• 30 asthmatics inbetween attack (17 males and 13 females).
• 20 during attack (12 males and 8 females).
Regarding to atopy subdivided into:
• Atopic during and inbetween attack (8 and 13 respectively).
• Non-atopic during and inbetween attack (12 and 17 respectively).
With ages ranging from 2 to 12 years.
*Group II (Control group)
This group included 20 unrelated healthy volunteers. The controls were 11males and 9 females of the same age.
All studied cases and control group were subjected to history taking, clinical examination comprising both general and chest examination, chest X-ray, stool analysis, skin tests and collection of blood samples for peripheral blood eosinophil and neutrophil count, determination of serum total IgE level, determination of plasma TGF-1 level.
The results of the present study showed that:
1. The most risky offending allergen was mixed pollens (71.4%), followed by hay dust (61.9%), smoke (57.1%), house dust (47.6%), mixed fungi (38%), cotton (28.5%), wool (19%) and lastly, human hair (9.5%). In addition, 80% of patients showed positive skin test for more than one allergen.
2. No significant difference among different groups regarding age and sex.
3. As regard TLC, eosinophil, neutrophil counts and IgE, they were increased in asthmatic patients compared to the control group. Eosinophilic count was increased in asthmatic during attack more than in-between attack and the control group with statistical significant difference.
4. Regarding TLC, no statistical significant difference between asthmatic inbetween attack and both of during attack and the control group.
5. Regarding IgE, no statistical significant difference between asthmatic patients inbetween attack and during attack.
6. TGF-1 was increased in asthmatic patients inbetween and during attack compared to the control group, and there was statistical significant difference between asthmatics inbetween attack and both asthmatics during attack and control group. Also there was statistical significant difference between asthmatics during attack and the control group.
7. There was an increase in mean TLC and neutrophil count in non atopic compared to atopic asthmatics (either during or inbetween attack) or control group with statistical significant difference.
8. There was an increase in mean eosinophil count in both atopic and non atopic asthmatics (during and inbetween attack) compared to the control group with statistical significant difference.
9. There was an increase in mean serum level of total IgE in atopic asthmatics inbetween attack compared to the control and other groups with statistical significant difference.
10. There was an increase in mean level of plasma TGF-βl in non atopic asthmatics inbetween attack compared to the control and other groups with statistical significant difference.