الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
WHO had reported that 20 million unsafe abortion take place worldwide each year, which means that almost one in 10 unwanted pregnancies ends in unsafe abortion .In addition, nearly 95% of these unsafe abortion take place in developing countries. Moreover, unsafe abortion causes 80.000deathes among women every year around the world. This alarming figure simply means that 13% of global maternal mortality are due to this cause. However ,the National Maternity Mortality study in Egypt in year 2000 indicated that abortions had accounted for 4% of the aggregate maternal deaths and was responsible for 4% of direct causes of maternal deaths
Emergency contraceptives (EC) are sometimes referred to as ’’morning after’’ or post coital method. They are used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse. Emergency contraceptives were first used to protect rape victim from pregnancy .EC could also be used if a condom broke or unprotected intercourse occurred. Nowadays several international health advocacy groups have called for expanded access to these EC methods. These are two main methods of EC, hormonal and Intra Uterine Device .The most commonly used is hormonal ECs. These are a combined of a high- dose of estrogen- progestogen pills know as the ’’yuzpen’’ regimen, Alevonorgestrel–only regimen and Ru 486 (Mifepristone).
Combined high-dose of oestrogen-progestogen pills known as the ’’yuzpen’’regimen consists of 100 mg ethinyl estradiol + 0.5 mg levonorgestrel, taken twice at 12 hours intervals with time limit is 72 hrs after intercourse. Efficacy studies had estimated that ’yuzpe ’’ regimen had reduced the probability of pregnancy by at least 75% . its brand name is also known as Ovral. The levonorgestrel –only regimen is found in dose of o.75 mg and is taken twice ,at 12 hours interval .Its time limit is also 72 hours after intercourse with a brand name (postinor -2) .The efficacy studies had estimated also that a levonorgestrel – only regimen reduces the probability of pregnancy by at least 65-85%.where as Ru 486 (Mifepristone) in combination with the administration of prostaglandin analogs , should be taken once at a dose of 10-600 mg .Here the time limit is 36-48 hours after intercourse, with an estimated efficacy of >85%.