الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Kidney disease is both a cause and a consequence of cardiovascular disease, the number one killer. Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of death in patients with end stage renal disease.
Nine out of 10 cardiovascular disease trials do not provide adequate information on the kidney function of enrollees – even though studies have proven that kidney disease plays a major role in increasing the risk of death from cardiovascular disease.
It is important to early detect chronic kidney disease, not only to slow the progression to end-stage renal disease but also in this case to identify risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
The reported prevalence of chronic kidney disease is highly variable and can vary from less than 10 percent to more than 60 percent of a population of cardiovascular disease patients with an average prevalence of 30 percent.
In our study we aimed to echocardiographically evaluate the patients with end stage renal disease and on regular haemodialysis. We also aimed to study the possible relationship between mitral annular calcification and the systolic function.
The study included 50 patients with end stage renal disease on regular haemodialysis. All the patients were subjected to thorough history taking including frequency of haemodialysis and duration of end stage renal disease, clinical examination and Echocardiographic assessment using transthoracic echocardiography. Carotid intima-media thickness was measured to all patients and our laboratory investigations included BUN and creatinine, C-reactive protein and Lipid profile.
Mitral annular calcification was positively related to hypertension and the duration of end stage renal disease. There was no association between mitral annular calcification and diabetes mellitus. As for the echocardiographic data mitral annular calcification was inversely related to the ejection fraction while it was positively related to the EDD, RVEDD, IVS, PW and ESD. There was no association between MAC and carotid intima-media thickness. MAC was positevly related to the level of CRP. There was no association between mitral annular calcification and renal functions or lipid profile. As for the mitral annular velocities mitral annular calcification was related to the E wave as measured by the tissue doppler.