الفهرس 
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Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes has been recognized for many years as a
facultative pathogenic bacterium that causes serious illness in animals and
man called listeriosis, it appears to be commonly present in raw and ready-toeat
foods. The present study was undertaken to determine the incidence and
distribution of Listeria spp. in poultry and some food samples and to
investigate listeriosis in pregnant women and their newborns. Genotyping of
L. monocytogenes isolates were determined to detect inlA gene as a target by
using polymerase chain reaction. 400 samples comprising, poultry (100),
chicken pâté (50), hen’s egg (100), fish (100) and smoked herring (50) were
collected from different poultry slaughter houses, shops, supermarkets and
fish markets in Assiut province, Egypt. The study also, included 25 women
suffered from intrauterine fetal death, 25 premature labored women and their
25 newborns admitted to Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU), Assiut University
Hospital.
The overall incidence of Listeria spp., L. monocytogenes, L. innocua, L.
ivanovii, L. welshimeri, L. seeligeri and L. grayi was 81 (17.05%), 15
(3.15%), 40 (8.42%), 4 (0.84%), 11 (2.7%), 10 (2.1%) and 1 (0.21%),
respectively, of the all examined samples.
In this study, the warm enrichment method was compared with the cold
enrichment for isolating Listeria species, 75 (15.79%) and 70 (14.74%) out of
the examined 475 were positive as determined by warm and cold enrichment
methods, respectively and no significant difference was found between the
two methods.
The study revealed that 10%, 20% and 57% of poultry, hen’s egg shell
and fish samples were contaminated with Listeria spp., respectively and
Listeria was not detected in chicken pâté, egg contents and smoked herring
samples.
Listeria spp. isolated from 25 poultry wings (meat and skin) in a rate of
12% including, L. innocua (4%), L. welshimeri (4%) and L. seeligeri (4%).
Out of 25 poultry legs examined in this study, Listeria spp. was isolated
from 12% including, L. innocua (4%), L. welshimeri (4%) and L. seeligeri
(4%).
Among 50 poultry intestine examined in this study, Listeria spp. was
isolated from 8% including, L. monocytogenes (4%), L.welshimeri (2%) and
L.seeligeri (2%).
Out of 50 egg shell examined in this study, Listeria spp. was isolated
from 20% including, 8%, 6%, 2% and 4% L. monocytogenes, L. innocua, L.
ivanovii and L. seeligeri, respectively.
The incidence of Listeria species in Clarias anguillaris slime and
Tilapia nilotica slime was 80% and 60%, respectively. Concerning the
distribution of Listeria spp. in the examined samples of Tilapia nilotica slime;
out of the 25 samples examined in this study, 8%, 28%, 4%, 8%, 8% and 4%
of the examined samples were contaminated with L. monocytogenes, L.
innocua, L. ivanovii, L. welshimeri, L. seeligeri and L. grayi, respectively.
While, 16%, 40%, 8%, 8% and 8% of the examined Clarias anguillaris slime
samples were contaminated with L. monocytogenes, L. innocua, L. ivanovii,
L. welshimeri and L. seeligeri, respectively.
The incidence of Listeria species in Clarias anguillaris and Tilapia
nilotica intestine was 68% and 20%, respectively. Only L. innocua and L.
welshimeri were isolated from Tilapia nilotica intestine in a rate of 12% and
8%, respectively. While, 4%, 52%, 8% and 4% of the examined Clarias
anguillaris intestine were contaminated with L. monocytogenes, L. innocua,
L. welshimeri and L. seeligeri, respectively.
The incidence of human listeriosis was 5.3%. Regarding women
examined in this study, L. monocytogenes was isolated from 1 (2%) of the
examined vaginal swabs of a woman at 2nd pregnancy, aged 25 year, suffered
preterm labor for the first time.
L. innocua was isolated from 2 (4%) out of the examined 50 vaginal
swabs, both cases were women at 3rd pregnancy, suffered of intrauterine fetal
death for the first time, one of them aged 32 year. While, the other aged 29
year. It was found that all positive cases, in this study, were women coming
from rural areas.
Out of 25 examined neonatal blood samples only 1(4%), newborn of a
woman at 2nd pregnancy, aged 25 year, suffered preterm labor for the first
time proved to be infected with L. monocytogenes
Out of 15 L. monocytogenes isolates detected, 6 (40%) were found to
harbor inlA gene and considered to be virulent strains. The existence of
Listeria species and L. monocytogenes in the examined food samples,
warrants the need for appropriate control measures as this would pose a
serious threat to human health.