الفهرس 
Cardiovascular risk factors can be categorized into
Risk reduction strategies for CVD in type 2 diabetesOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality and is responsible for approximately one-third of all global deaths annually. The burden of cardiovascular disease is increasing rapidly now as a public health problem throughout the African Region. In Egypt, cardiovascular disease accounted for 42% off all deaths in 2002.
Cardiovascular disease has a major socioeconomic impact on individuals, families and societies in terms of health-care costs, absenteeism and national productivity. One of the reasons for increased CVD worldwide is the increase in aged populations. Another reason is exposure to behavioral and physiological risk factors which are responsible for 75% of CVD. These risk factors have been prioritized according to their impact on mortality and morbidity, possibility of modification through primary prevention, and quantification by available easy standardized methods.
An important barrier to the delivery of health behavior change interventions in PHC is the lack of an integrated screening and intervention approach that can cut across multiple risk factors and help physicians and patients to address these risk factors in an efficient integrated productive manner.(172) Another barrier is the already burdened primary care system which needs a practical approach for such efficient combination of risk management.(173)
Screening rates in PHC for single behavioral risk factors are widely documented; however, such risk factors occur in cluster in individuals and populations. Since many patients present with multiple health risk behaviors, integrated approach to health assessment and intervention may be more patient centered, holistic, and timely, thereby generating greater patient satisfaction.(174)
An integrated approach to multiple behavior health risk allowing the patients to choose behaviors to work on will be more effective and will yield greater adherence, and the PHC physician can directly influence and support patients decision to initiate change.(173,174)
A unified, integrated approach to addressing multiple risk health behaviors may be also efficient than focusing on one risk factor at a time, saving the healthcare system time, effort, and resources. Furthermore, integrated and unified approaches to addressing multiple health risk behaviors may identify solutions that address and align the interests and concerns of multiple stakeholders, such as patients, employers, health systems, and policymakers. Finally, the underlying motivational and intervention models, principles, and infrastructure for modifying these behaviors are similar and offer the promise of not having to reinvent the wheel for each behavior.(173).
The aim of the present study was to study the integrated management of coronary disease at risk groups via family medicine in Alexandria.
Specific Objectives were:
1- Assessment of available resources for detection and management of major coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, smoking and physical inactivity) in family health centers in Alexandria